Mitengo ya phwetekere yosakanizidwa ndi yotchuka kwambiri masiku ano, popeza ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi apadziko lonse lapansi. Masiku ano, mitundu yoyenera yolimako ikhoza kusankhidwa kudera lililonse komwe kuli nyengo zosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazitsanzo ndi phwetekere la Sunrise, malongosoledwe amikhalidwe yomwe mudzawerenga m'nkhaniyi.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a phwetekere Kutuluka kwa dzuwa
Zosiyanasiyana zimawerengedwa kuti ndizokhazikika, zokolola zoyambirira zamasamba abwino kwambiri. Tchire la kukula kochepa, musapitirire masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi. Pakukula, amafunika kutsina, koma samafuna kulumikizana ndi zogwirizira.
Phwetekere ikuyamba kucha, sikudutsa miyezi iwiri ndi theka kuchokera pomwe mbande zidayamba kufikira nthawi yokolola. Chitsamba chimodzi, chisamalidwa bwino, chimabweretsa masamba osachepera kilogalamu zisanu. Zipatso zakupsa zimasiyanitsidwa ndi utoto wofiira, zamkati zawo zimakhala zowutsa mudyo, pang'ono pang'ono. Tomato ndi wozungulira, wonyezimira pang'ono kuchokera ku tsinde la zipatso. Khungu ndilolimba, silimangokhalira kuthyola. Phwetekere limodzi limalemera pafupifupi magalamu mazana awiri ndi makumi asanu.
Ubwino waukulu wa chomeracho ndi kukula kwake. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala kotheka kubzala tchire la tomato nthawi yaying'ono osadandaula za mtundu wa mbewuyo.
Kulima zosiyanasiyana ndizotheka osati kokha wowonjezera kutentha, komanso m'mabedi osatetezedwa. Tomato wokhwima amadyedwa mwatsopano, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga msuzi, pastes, timadziti, zamzitini.
Mbiri yakuswana ndi dera lokula
Tomato adachokera kwa obereketsa achi Dutch. Zokolola zochuluka za haibridi komanso kuchepa kwa chisamaliro chake zidakondedwa ndi wamaluwa m'madera osiyanasiyana. Anthu okhala ku Ukraine adakonda kwambiri zosiyanasiyana.
Ubwino ndi zovuta zamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Zina mwazabwino mwazinthu izi ndi izi:
- zokolola zambiri;
- palibe chifukwa kukhazikitsa zogwirizira kumaliza garter;
- Kulimbana kwambiri ndi matenda ambiri, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri m'mitengo ya nightshade;
- nthawi yochepa yakucha;
- kuyanjana kwa chitsamba;
- mukakulira munthawi yotentha, ndizotheka kukolola chaka chonse;
- Zipatso zakupsa zimanyamulidwa bwino.
Pazizindikiro zonse zabwino, pali chinthu chimodzi chokha cholakwika - kukoma kwa tomato ndiyabwino, ndibwino kuzigwiritsa ntchito pomalongeza.
Kudzala mbewu
Nthawi yakukula mbande imadalira nyengo ndipo ndi milungu isanu ndi inayi m'nyengo yachisanu, zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi zisanu masika ndi chilimwe, motsatana. Kufesa kumachitika m'mabokosi kapena makaseti odzazidwa ndi peat osakaniza ndi kuwonjezera kwa vermiculite.
Kubzala kumachitika mpaka kuya kwa sentimita imodzi m'nthaka yonyowa.
Mbeu zikagulidwa m'sitolo, siziyenera kuthiridwa.
Kubzala kumatha ndikuthirira, zotengera zimayikidwa pamalo otentha kuti zimere.
Kuthirira zikumera ziyenera kuchitika m'madontho ang'onoang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda. Mbeu zimatha kumizidwa m'milungu ingapo, pomwe mphukira imapanga tsamba limodzi. Mukamabzala, ndibwino kuti muzitsina muzu waukulu kuti mmera uyambe kupanga nthambi zoyambira.Mukatola, mbandezo zimayikidwa pawindo lowala bwino.
Kuika mbande pamalo otseguka
Izi zitha kuchitika mbande zikamayenderana mikhalidwe yambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mpaka masamba khumi apanga kale pansi pamunsi. Monga lamulo, ntchitoyi imagwera pakati pa Meyi.
Mabedi amakonzedwa pasadakhale, amakumbidwa, namsongole amachotsedwa. Tchire zimabzalidwa molingana ndi chiwembu "masentimita makumi asanu mpaka makumi asanu".
M'madera ang'onoang'ono, mtunda pakati pa zomera ukhoza kuchepetsedwa.
Poyamba, mbande ziyenera kutetezedwa usiku ndi zovala.
Ulimi ukadaulo wolima
Chomeracho sichisowa chisamaliro chapadera, chimatha kuchita momasuka ndimayendedwe a tomato ambiri - kupalira, kuthirira, kumasula dothi lapamwamba, ndikuwonjezera nyimbo za feteleza.
Kuthirira nyengo yonse yakukula kumachitika kasanu mpaka kakhumi, zonse pano zimadalira nyengo. Omwa madzi ayenera kukhala osachepera malita makumi atatu pa mita imodzi iliyonse yamalo. Alimi ena anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothirira zothirira izi - ndizabwino komanso ndizochuma.
Potaziyamu nitrate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati feteleza wamkulu. Zambiri ziyenera kubweretsedwa nthawi yakucha. Kuphatikiza apo, chomeracho chidzafunika mankhwala a phosphorous.
Phwetekere Kutuluka kwa dzuwa kumafunikira kutsina, komwe kumachitika ku tsango laling'ono la zipatso.
Kodi mungapeze bwanji mbeu za chaka chamawa?
Alimi ena amatola kuchokera ku tomato wakupsa, amaumitsa ndi kuwasungira kubzala komwe kukubwera. Koma mutha kugula zinthu zakutchire m'sitolo yapadera. Asanafese, ayenera kumizidwa m'madzi amchere ndikuwachotsa pamwamba.
Matenda ndi kupewa kwawo
Mitundu ya Sunrise ndi yabwino chifukwa imatha kupirira matenda ambiri omwe mbewu za phwetekere zimakonda. Koma ngati kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala apadera, ndiye kuti mutha kupanga chitetezo chodalirika ku zovuta zotere.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tomwe tingawononge phwetekere:
- Chikumbu cha Colorado;
- nsabwe;
- kachilomboka;
- thrips.
Mankhwala apadera omwe angagulidwe m'masitolo angakuthandizeni kuthana ndi alendo osafunikira ngati awa.
Chomeracho chimawerengedwa kuti ndi choyenera kulimidwa pabedi kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Wamaluwa onse amalankhula za iye bwino, chifukwa zipatso za phwetekere ndizowoneka bwino, tchire limakhala lokolola kwambiri komanso nthawi yomweyo limakhala lolimba. Poganizira kuti ndiwo zamasamba okhwima zimayenda bwino poyenda kwa nthawi yayitali, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizilimapo malonda.