M'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, lingaliro la rasipiberi ngati mabulosi ofiira lasintha. Obereketsa apanga mitundu yatsopano yachikasu, lalanje, ndi kukoma kokoma. Pakati pawo tisaiwale zosiyanasiyana raspberries "Orange Chozizwitsa".
The All-Russian Institute of Horticulture idatulutsa malo oyeserera omwe ali mdera la Bryansk, motsogozedwa ndi I.V. Kazakov.
Kufotokozera tchire ndi zipatso za remontant rasipiberi zosiyanasiyana Orange Miracle
"Chozizwitsa cha lalanje" chimatanthauza tchire laling'ono, lomwe kutalika kwake kumakhala pakati pa mita imodzi ndi theka mpaka mita ziwiri. Nthambi za tchire zimakhala zowongoka, koma pansi pa kulemera kwake zimatha kugwada kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiwongolere nthawi yomweyo pobzala tchire.
Amasunga nthambi pamalo owongoka, zimapangitsa kuti dzuwa liunikire zipatsozo ndikukhwima posachedwa. Mphukira zimakutidwa ndi minga yambiri yomwe imasintha mtundu kuchoka kubiriwiri kukhala bulauni. Mphukira zisanu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zimapangidwa chaka chilichonse.
Mitundu yokonzanso "Orange Miracle" ili ndi zokolola zambiri. Mitengoyi ndi yachikasu-lalanje ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, ozungulira pang'ono pansi. Zipatso za rasipiberi za Orange zimakula mpaka masentimita anayi. Ndipo kulemera kwawo kumakhala magalamu asanu ndi awiri mpaka khumi ndi awiri. Mitengoyi imakhala yolimba yomwe imalepheretsa kukhetsa msanga.
Mitundu "Orange Miracle" ndiyotchuka chifukwa cha kununkhira bwino komanso kukoma kwa zipatso. M'nyengo yotentha kwambiri, zipatsozo zimakhala zowala lalanje, zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma. M'nyengo yozizira yotentha, mtunduwo uzikhala wachikaso kwambiri kuposa lalanje, ndipo kukoma kudzakhala kokoma komanso kowawasa. Mpaka makilogalamu awiri ndi theka amakolo amatengedwa kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi. Zosiyanasiyana zimadziwika ndikuti mpaka 2/3 mphukira imakhala ndi zipatso.
Chifukwa chokhala wandiweyani, zipatso sizimatha kukhetsa. Sachita mantha ndi masiku 5-7 kuti akuchedwa kutola zipatso zakupsa, kotero mpaka zipatso zana zitha kukhala pa nthambi imodzi.
Nthawi yokolola
Kupsa zipatso kumayamba kumapeto kwa Julayi. Koma kuchuluka kwa zokolola kumayambira mzaka khumi zapitazi za Ogasiti, kupitilira mpaka chisanu cha nthawi yophukira. Nthawi yomweyo, nyengo yozizira isanachitike, zipatso zambiri zimakhwima.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
"Chozizwitsa cha Orange" chimawerengedwa kuti ndichabwino kwambiri pakati pamitundu yotsalira yaku Russia.Tiyeni tiwone zabwino za mtundu uwu:
- zokolola zochuluka pachaka;
- kuchepa kwa zipatso zakupsa panthambi;
- zipatso zazikulu;
- kukoma kokoma kosangalatsa ndi kafungo kabwino;
- gwiritsani ntchito kupanga zoteteza, kupanikizana ndi ma compote;
- kunyamula;
- kukana matenda;
- chifukwa cha maluwa mochedwa, sizingakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi tizirombo;
- kufalikira kwanyengo.
Chimodzi mwamaubwino akulu amtundu wa remontant "Orange Miracle" ndi zipatso za chaka chimodzi mphukira.
Chifukwa chake, m'nyengo yozizira, mphukira zimadulidwa pamizu, zomwe zimakuthandizani kuti muchepetse makulidwe a pogona pa raspberries m'nyengo yozizira.
Zina mwazabwinozi, pali zovuta zingapo. Agronomists amawatcha iwo ngati ochepa mphukira zazing'ono m'malo mwa nthambi zodulidwa. Ngati nthambi sizimangidwa, ndiye kuti zimatha kupindika molimba polemera chipatso., zimawonongeka ndi mphepo yamphamvu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa mabulosi.
Zosiyanasiyana "Orange Miracle" zimasiyana pakati pa mitundu yofanana zokolola zambiri, mabulosi okoma ndi fungo lokoma. Zipatso za m'tchire zimakhala zosagwirizana, choncho zimatha kuperekedwa kwa ana aang'ono komanso odwala matendawa. Potengera folic acid, ndiopambana mitundu ina.
Kubereka ndi kusamalira tchire
Podzala tchire la rasipiberi, malo amasankhidwa kale. Kuyenera kukhala kwa dzuwa ndi kutetezedwa ku mphepo yakumpoto. Izi zimapangitsa kuti nthaka izitha kutenthedwa mwachangu, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira zazing'ono. Nthambi zotukuka zimayamba kuphuka ndikubala zipatso koyambirira, zimapereka zokolola zambiri.
Konzani kalasi "Chozizwitsa cha Orange" amasiyana mosadzichepetsa ndi mtundu wa nthaka ndi nyengo... Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ya rasipiberi iyi idzakhala yopepuka, nthaka yotayirira, mwachitsanzo, loam, yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa kuti imeretsedwe ndi kompositi ndi peat.
Magawo kukonzekera
Mwezi umodzi musanabzala, m'pofunika kukonzekera nthaka, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Katundu wa feteleza m'nthaka amatsimikizira kuti zipatso za tchire zimapezeka m'malo amodzi kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu.
Zoyipa zoyambirira za rasipiberi ndi mbatata, nkhaka, tomato, ndi biringanya. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kubwezera kutsitsa patsamba lino. Ganizirani momwe ntchito yokonzekera ikuyendera.
- Choyamba, malo omwe amafikira atsimikiziridwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yakutchire, mbande zimabzalidwa pakadutsa 0.4 m kutalika ndi mita imodzi ndi theka pakati pa mizere. Pofuna kuponyera mphukira pansi pa kulemera kwa mbewuyo, akatswiri azaukadaulo amalimbikitsa kulumikiza mphukira zomwe zikukula ndi trellises.
- Pa gawo loyamba (mwezi umodzi musanadzalemo mbande) konzani chisakanizo cha humus (pafupifupi 10 kg), superphosphate (15 g), potaziyamu sulphate (45 g). Potaziyamu ingasinthidwe ndi phulusa lamatabwa (200 g). Zomalizidwa zimasakanizidwa ndi gawo lapamwamba kwambiri la dziko lapansi.
- Pamalo okwerera kukumba maenje Kutalika kwa theka la mita, mudzaze ndi ma humus okonzeka ndi feteleza amchere, ophatikizika.
Asanadzalemo, amakumba ngalande mozama theka la mita pafupi ndi mabowo. Chisakanizo cha feteleza chimatsanuliridwa mmenemo. Mzere wa ngalande udzafuna kapu ya superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate ndi lita imodzi ya phulusa. Ngalandeyi ili ndi nthaka, yotenthedwa. Izi zimapangitsa kuti feteleza pamodzi ndi chinyezi zifike pang'onopang'ono ku mizu, ndikuzidyetsa. Chiwembucho ndi chokonzeka kubzala.
Kusankha mbande ndi nthawi yobzala
Mitundu ya rasipiberi ya remontant imabzalidwa nthawi yophukira, masika komanso koyambirira kwa chilimwe. Kuti tisunge mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana, magawo a rhizome kapena cuttings amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Tikukulangizani kuti mugule mbande za rasipiberi kuchokera ku nazale m'dera lomwelo momwe amakulira.
Pofuna kubzala rasipiberi patsamba lanu, mutha kusiyanitsa mbali zina za muzu ndi ma rhizomes mu kugwa ndikuzibzala m'mabowo okonzeka. Pambuyo nthawi yozizira, adzakula bwino. Ndibwino kuti mubzale mbande ndi cuttings mu kasupe, chilimwe, kuti zitheke bwino.
Njira yobzala mbande yafupika pochita zinthu zingapo zosavuta:
- zitsime zokonzedwa zimatsanulidwa ndi madzi kuti zizitha;
- chitunda chimapangidwa pakatikati, pamwamba pake pomwe mbande zimayikidwa, ndikuwongola mizu pansi pa phirilo;
- dziko lapansi limatsanulidwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndikupondaponda pamanja;
- kolala yazu iyenera kutuluka m'mphepete mwa dziko lapansi mutabzala;
- kupanga poyambira osaya kuzungulira chitsamba, kuthirira mbewu;
- Pambuyo poyamwa madzi, timadzaza nthaka mozungulira, pogwiritsa ntchito humus, udzu, udzu, utuchi, peat za izi;
- mulch wosanjikiza uyenera kukhala osachepera masentimita asanu.
Mbande zazitali zimfupikitsidwa mpaka masentimita makumi atatu.
Zosamalira
Kumayambiriro kwa masika, m'pofunika kudyetsa tchire ndi feteleza amchere. Kuti muchepetse kukula kwa mphukira ndikulimbitsa mizu, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amasakanikirana (15g / m2), potaziyamu kapena choloweza m'malo mwake - phulusa lamatabwa (galasi pa mita mita imodzi). Manyowa a nayitrogeni amatha kusinthidwa ndi manyowa a nkhuku. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuyika chovala choyamba pamwamba pa chisanu chosungunuka mu mawonekedwe owuma kuti mchere wokhala ndi madzi osungunuka alowe m'mizu.
M'chilimwe, sitipangira kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni, apo ayi tchire lidzasandulika greenery, kuchuluka kwa maluwa ndi mazira ambiri kumachepa kwambiri.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zovuta kuzisamalira raspberries wa remontant ndi chikondi chawo cha hydration. Mizu yake ili pamalo osaya kwambiri, chifukwa chake mukamwetsa, ndikokwanira kuthirira nthaka kuti madzi alowemo mpaka kuzama masentimita makumi atatu. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika mchilimwe nthawi yakukhazikitsa zipatso ndi kucha zipatso ndi madzi ofunda. Nthaka ikauma, imamasulidwa mofatsa komanso mopepuka. Malo ozungulira tchire ndi mulch, omwe amasunga chinyezi, kwinaku akudyetsa nthaka ndi humus.
Musanatuluke tchire, mutha kuthira manyowa ndi feteleza ovuta mu chiŵerengero: theka la lita imodzi ya mullein ndi 50 g wa feteleza amachepetsedwa mu malita 10 a madzi. Ndalamayi ndiyokwanira tchire zisanu.
Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mphukira zofooka zimachotsedwa tchire, kusiya zisanu mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Mitundu yokonzedwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimapanga chitukuko cha chaka chimodzi. Ubwino wawo ndikukula kwakanthawi kochepa - mkati mwa nyengo, mphukira zimakula ndikubala zipatso. Pakugwa, amauma, ndipo amadulidwa pazu, kusiya pafupifupi masentimita atatu.
Dulani tchire liri ndi udzu, masamba, humus. Alimi ena amaphimba rasipiberi osadula mphukira kuti apewe kukula kwachisanu m'nyengo yotentha komanso yotentha. Kuphatikiza apo, mphukira zazikulu zimathandizira kusunga chisanu, chomwe chimakulitsa chinyezi mchaka. Kenako mdulidwe umachitika koyambirira kwa kasupe, madzi asanayambe kuyamwa.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Ngakhale raspberries omwe ali ndi remontant amalimbana kwambiri ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndipo samakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi tizilombo todwalitsa, matenda ena amakhala nawo.
- Chlorosis kumaonekera chikasu masamba pamwamba, ndiye mapesi kutembenukira chikasu. Zotsatira zake, zipatsozo zimauma zisanakhwime. Pachiyambi, raspberries amapopera ndi Kugoplex. Ngati sizingatheke kuthana ndi matendawa, ndiye kuti njira yayikulu ndiyotsalira - kudula, kuzula tchire ndikuwotcha. Pofuna kuteteza, m'pofunika kuchiza ndi Nitrofen musanatuluke mphukira, ndipo tchire la Methylmercaptophos amapopera mankhwala asanayambe maluwa. Pambuyo pa mankhwalawa, raspberries amatha kukolola pakatha mwezi ndi theka.
- Kuvunda imvi amakhudza zipatso, kuziphimba ndi imvi pachimake. Zipatso zotere zimakololedwa ndikuwonongedwa. Pamaso pa tchuthi, tchire limachiritsidwa ndi colloidal sulfure mu chiŵerengero cha 100 g pa chidebe chamadzi. Masamba ukufalikira - Kurpozan kapena copper oxychloride. Kutsanulira zipatso kumathiridwa ndi Fundazol, Ronilan. Othandizira njira zakulera amalangizidwa kuti azaza nthaka pansi pa tchire ndi phulusa kapena mpweya wotsekemera.
- Dzimbiri imayambitsa mabampu ofiira pamasamba ndi zimayambira. Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kupopera ndi 1% madzi a Bordeaux mutatha maluwa ndi mutatha kukolola. Asanayambe maluwa, raspberries amathandizidwa ndi Nitrafen.
- Orange zodabwitsa kawirikawiri amadwala ndi anthracnose - imvi mawanga, zomwe zimabweretsa imfa ya zomera. Ngati zizindikilo za matendawa zidadziwika, ndiye kuti Bordeaux madzi, copper oxychloride amalimbikitsidwa kuti athandizidwe.
Mwa tizirombo, rasipiberi "Chozizwitsa cha Orange" nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi tizilomboti: aphid, rasipiberi kachilomboka, tsinde ndulu midge... Ngati nsabwe za m'masamba ndi kafadala zimadya masamba ndi maluwa, ndiye kuti ndulu imawoneka ngati zokhotakhota pamaphukira. Kuti awawononge, mankhwala osiyanasiyana amapangidwa, omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi Karbofos, Confidor kapena Aktara. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo.
Pomaliza, tikuwona kuti zopindulitsa za obereketsa aku Russia pobzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya raspberries adayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa. Pakati pawo, zosiyanasiyana "Orange Miracle" imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira chakudya komanso pokonzekera.
Ndemanga
Gagina Julia: Ndimakonda izi zosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kukoma kwake. Chaka chino tidakolola koyamba. Pa tchire lotukuka bwino - mabulosi akulu. Zipatso zambiri zimakhala zazikulu komanso zokongola. Tikukhulupirira kuti zokololazo zidzakwaniritsa zoyembekezera zathu.
Mihail66: "Chozizwitsa cha lalanje" chinandisangalatsa ndi zipatso, kulawa ndi kukula kwa zipatso. Dzulo ine ndi mkazi wanga tinasonkhanitsa mbeu yathu yoyamba. Tidapeza zoposa kilogalamu kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi. Palibe zilonda zomwe zimawoneka, chitsamba chikuwoneka bwino. Ndidangomanga mphukira, ndikuyika zowonjezera.
Svetlana Vitalievna: Mabulosiwo ndi okoma kwambiri. Zipatso zoyamba kucha, koma mphepo idawomba, zipatso zambiri zidawonongeka panthambi. Mvula itagwa, mabulosi akucha kwambiri panthambi amafewa.
Koma zonse zimalipidwa ndi kukoma ndi kukula kwa zipatso, kununkhira kwawo. Amapanga kupanikizana kokoma ndi compote. Ndidzakula "Chozizwitsa cha Orange" patsamba langa.