Ukadaulo wobzala mbande kunyumba udakwaniritsidwa kale ndi wamaluwa ambiri. Aliyense atha kutsimikizira izi Tchire la phwetekere kuchokera kumera wamphamvu ndi wathanzi limakula bwino. Chifukwa chake, pagawo lokula mphukira zazing'ono, chidwi chimaperekedwa kwa umuna. M'mbuyomuyi, tiona njira zodziwika bwino zopangira mbande ndi urea, phulusa ndi lunguzi.
Momwe mungamvetsetse kuti mbande za phwetekere zimafunikira kudyetsa?
Podyetsa mbande za phwetekere, feteleza opangidwa kale okonzeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikukonzekera ndi manja awo molingana ndi maphikidwe owerengeka kunyumba. Zolembazo zimasankhidwa kutengera cholinga: kulimbikitsa kukula kwa mphukira, kupewa matenda, kulemeretsa ndi michere yomwe imathandizira kuzomera wamba. Kuti mudziwe kusowa kwa michere kapena macronutrients, muyenera kungoyang'anitsitsa chomeracho, icho chimapereka lingaliro:
- Ngati akumva kusowa kwachitsulo, ndiye masamba amatuluka, ndipo mitsempha yobiriwira imadziwika bwino.
- Ndikukula pang'onopang'onomakamaka palibe feteleza wokwanira wa nayitrogeni. Zithandizanso kupezanso mphukira zowuma komanso zowuma.
- Liti mawonekedwe a utoto wofiirira, Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza potengera phosphorous.
- Masamba amasanduka oyera ndi opunduka nthawi zambiri pakakhala vuto la calcium.
- Ngati zipatso mawanga akuda adawonekera, ndiye kuti vuto ndi kusowa kwa calcium. Poterepa, palibe malo owonera mbali zina za chomeracho.
- Mphukira ikasiya kukula Pali kuchepa kwa magnesium ndi potaziyamu.
Kudyetsa koyamba kumayambitsidwa pambuyo popanga tsamba loyamba pa mmera. Kupitilira molingana ndi ndandanda yomwe yakonzedwa.
Kudyetsa kothandiza mbande za phwetekere mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi kutchire
Pakukula kwathunthu ndi zipatso zambiri, tomato amafunika zakudya zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera, zokhala ndi zingapo zakusaka:
- nayitrogeni;
- potaziyamu;
- phosphorous.
Kuphatikiza pa zigawo zikuluzikulu, zida zovuta ndizo: calcium, mkuwa, chitsulo, zinc ndi zinthu zina.
Urea: feteleza mbeu mutabzala
Urea (urea) ndi granule yoyera. Feteleza imapatsa chomeracho nayitrogeni, mabakiteriya apadziko lapansi amachita ndi zinthuzo, ndikusintha gawo lalikulu kukhala ammonium carbonate. Chogulitsidwacho chimasokonekera pang'ono, chomwe chimachotsa kukhathamira kwa panganolo mu chipatso.
Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito urea moyenera mukamabzala phwetekere? Chigawo chogwiritsa ntchito urea chimawerengedwa kuti ndi chinyezi musanaze kukonkha. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye kuti chakudya chowonjezera choyenera chiyenera kuphimbidwa ndi dothi laling'ono. 10-15 magalamu amadya pa mita imodzi iliyonse. malo. Mukamachepetsa njira, magalamu 20-30 amawonjezeredwa mu ndowa.
Urea imachepetsa nthaka pang'ono, ndipo mbewu zamasamba sizimakonda izi. Zotsatira zake zimasokonezedwa ndi miyala yamiyala yapansi (0.8 kg yamwala amatengedwa pa 1 kg ya carbamide).
Ubwino wa urea:
- zinthu kwathunthu amasungunuka m'madzi;
- zikagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kudzikundikira nitrate lilibe m'nthaka ndi zipatso;
- kumangirira mwachangu msipu;
- imakhala ngati njira yolimbirana ndipo kupewa tizilombo ndi matenda.
Mukamagwira ntchito ndi urea, ma nuances ena ayenera kukumbukiridwa:
- pokonzekera yankho logwira ntchito madzi ofunda amagwiritsidwa ntchito (kusungunuka kumachepetsa kutentha kwa madzi, tomato adzapanikizika pakuthirira);
- ambiri feteleza amatha kutentha zomera (kuti musawononge mphukira, muyenera kuwonjezera sodium sulfate ku yankho).
Kugwiritsa ntchito urea popanga feteleza mukamabzala tomato ndikothandiza chifukwa mbande ndizolimba chifukwa cholimbitsa chitetezo. Kumayambiriro, mbande zimachulukitsa msipu wobiriwira, ndipo mizu imayamba bwino.
Urea imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yonse ya nthaka.
Wood phulusa ntchito
Phulusa la nkhuni limaonedwa kuti ndi limodzi lama feteleza okwera mtengo kwambiri, okhala ndi mchere wambiri. Komabe, musayigwiritse ntchito mosasamala. Kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwake, mtundu wa mbeu yolimidwa komanso mtundu wa dothi umaganiziridwa.
Phulusa limaphatikizapo zinthu izi: phosphorous, magnesium, potaziyamu, calcium, sodium, ndi zina zotero. Zakudya zamagetsi zimathandiza kwambiri ku photosynthesis, kuonjezera kukana kwa mbeu ku matenda ndi tizirombo, kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha mizu, ndikuchulukitsa nthawi ya fruiting.
Phulusa la nkhuni ndi chinthu chotchuka mu ulimi wamaluwa ndi ulimi wamaluwa. Komabe, chinthu chamtengo wapatali choterechi sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati choyambirira. Zakudya zamasamba zimayenera kukhala zoyenerera, motero mchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi zinthu zina.
Momwe mungathira manyowa ndi phulusa, momwe mungachepetsere kulowetsedwa ndi kuthirira?
Kugwiritsa ntchito mitengo:
- pokonzekera kulowetsedwa sungunulani 200 gr. phulusa mumtsuko wamadzi ndikuchoka kwa masiku 1-2;
- popopera mankhwala 200-300 gr amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka. za 1 m2;
- kuswana Yankho pa ndowa yamadzi tengani 100 gr.
Ubwino wa phulusa la nkhuni:
- njira yotsika mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo manyowa pabedi;
- kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ngati chakudya komanso kupewa matenda ndi tizilombo toononga;
- ingagwiritsidwe m'njira zingapo - kufumbi, kupopera mbewu, kuthirira pamzu;
- chitetezo malo.
Chosavuta ndichakuti kwakanthawi kochepa kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi phulusa, motero njira ndi mankhwala amabwerezedwa kangapo.
Nettle: momwe ungalimbirire ndi kuthirira
Kuti abwezeretse zakudya zomwe zili m'nkhokwe, wamaluwa amagwiritsa ntchito nettle pamodzi ndi phulusa la nkhuni ndi urea. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikubadwa mwachilengedwe komanso chitetezo, chomwe ndikofunikira pakupeza zokolola zachilengedwe. Chomera choyaka chimadzaza ndi mankhwala a nayitrogeni. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimakhala ndi mchere wambiri komanso zinthu zina monga potaziyamu, magnesium, chitsulo, mavitamini A, E, B, K, mankhwala a kaboni, ndi zina zambiri.
Ubwino mukamagwiritsa ntchito phwetekere wa feteleza ndi awa:
- imathandizira kukula mphukira zazing'ono;
- amatanthauzira ntchito yobwezeretsa, kumawonjezera kukaniza matenda ndi tizilombo toononga;
- amawononga nsabwe za m'masamba nyengo yotentha;
- amalimbikitsa kumanga misa yobiriwira mbande.
Kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino za tomato ndi mbewu zina za banja la Solanaceae, tikulimbikitsidwa kuphatikiza kuphatikiza kwa nettle ndikugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamafuta. Kusinthasintha kwa mavalidwe awa kumapatsa tomato ndi zofunikira zonse.
Nthambi zatsopano za lunguzi ndizofunika kwambiri kuposa mnzake wamankhwala. Chifukwa chake mutha kulima chomera pomwepo. Mukamasonkhanitsa udzu m'chilengedwe, muyenera kupewa malo pafupi ndi msewu waukulu komanso malo ogulitsa mafakitale.
Ubwino wazinthu zopangidwa ndi nettle:
- kubwezeretsa nthaka, kupindulitsa kwake ndi micronutrients;
- zipangizo zopangira;
- chitetezo chogwiritsa ntchito;
- zovuta pa tomato.
Palibe zovuta za nettle, Pokhapokha mutakhala osamala ndi kusonkhanitsa zitsamba ndikukonzekera infusions.
Feteleza wodyetsa, wokonzedwa pamtengowu, amadziwika kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Mwa maphikidwe ophweka, koma othandiza, zosankha zotsatirazi zotsatirazi zikuwonekera.
Chinsinsi nambala 1
Dzazani chidebe chachikulu ndi udzu wongotulutsidwa kumene ndikudzaza ndi madzi ozizira mpaka madziwo ataphimba. Chidebechi chimaphimbidwa ndi chivindikiro ndipo zomwe zimatsalako zimatsalira kwa milungu ingapo (mpaka ntchito yothira itayamba). Sakanizani mankhwala osachepera 2 pa sabata.
Kutentha kwakukulu kumathandizira kuti nayonso mphamvu ifulumire, choncho chidebecho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi dzuwa. Komanso, wamaluwa amawonjezera mphamvu ya nayonso mphamvu pazosakaniza (yisiti kapena feteleza wa Baikal). Pambuyo pakuwoneka kwa fungo lokhazikika la ammonia ndi thovu lakuda, mutha kuwonjezera kulowetsedwa ndi sprig ya valerian ndi phulusa lamatabwa. Izi zithetsa kununkha.
Kutha kwa nayonso mphamvu kumawonetsedwa pochepetsa gasi komanso kusowa kwa thovu. Madzi otulukawo amasefedwa kudzera mu cheesecloth wopindidwa magawo 2-3. Manyowa obiriwira amasungunuka ndi madzi: yokometsera masamba 1:20, yothirira 1:10. Ndi yankho ili, mutha kudyetsa osati tchire la phwetekere, komanso nkhaka, tsabola ndi strawberries.
Chinsinsi nambala 2
Ikani zomera zodula za nettle, chowawa, dandelion ndi yarrow mu chidebe cha pulasitiki, mudzaze ndi madzi ndikuphimba ndi chivindikiro. Siyani padzuwa masiku khumi. Pambuyo poyambira, onjezerani ½ tsp. yisiti ndikulowetsani kuthira mpaka thovu lisiye kupanga. Dutsani madziwo chifukwa chopondera kapena chopyapyala, kuchepetsa ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10.
Chinsinsi nambala 3
Thirani masamba obiriwira mu chidebe chosakhala chachitsulo, onjezani buledi wosweka ndi thumba la yisiti wouma wophika. Dzazani madzi kutentha komanso kuphimba chidebecho ndi chivindikiro. Pambuyo masiku asanu, mankhwalawa adzakhala atakonzeka. Pambuyo povutikira, zimangotsala feteleza wochulukirapo ndi madzi mu chiŵerengero cha 1:10 ndikuthirira mbewu.
Pali zosankha zingapo za fetereza za mbande, nkhaniyi ili ndi zitsanzo za mitundu yokhayo yodziwika bwino komanso yotsika mtengo ya michere. Kwa zaka zambiri mchitidwe wolima tomato wolima dimba aliyense amapeza luso lake ndi maphikidwe, amasinthidwa ndimikhalidwe ina (ya wowonjezera kutentha kapena nthaka yotseguka) ndi mitundu.