Amayi ambiri apanyumba amadziwa kulima masamba obiriwira, kupangira mabedi osanja bwino pazenera. Nyengo yochepa yakukula kwa basil imakupatsani mwayi wokolola chaka chonse, ndipo simuyenera kupita kugolosale kapena kumsika wokometsera saladi kapena maphunziro oyamba. Munkhani yathu tikukuwuzani momwe zingakhalire ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingakulidwe kunyumba kuchokera ku mbewu.
Kodi ndizotheka kukula basil pawindo
Basil ndi zitsamba zotchuka. Amakula bwino mumiphika kunyumba kwawo kukhitchini kapena khonde la nyumba. Kwa oyamba kumene kulima dimba kunyumba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyambe ndi zonunkhira izi wodzichepetsa posamalira.
Udzu umamveka bwino m'nyumba, ndikupatsa zokolola zochuluka. Nthawi yobzala ndi kukolola masamba sikumangokhala ndi masiku aliwonse; basil imakula bwino chilimwe ndi nthawi yozizira. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane malamulo aukadaulo waulimi ndi zina zomwe zikukula panyumba.
Pali njira zambiri zobzala ndikukula basil pawindo: kugwiritsa ntchito zodula, mphukira zazing'ono ndi mbewu. Njira yambewu imasiyanitsidwa ndi mapangidwe ataliatali komanso obiriwira a tchire.
Mitundu iti yomwe mungasankhe kuti ikule kunyumba
Omwe akufuna kukhala ndi bedi lobiriwira pawindo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iliyonse yambewu. Komabe, poganizira zapadera zakulima kunyumba ndi malo ochepa, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa mitundu yaying'ono yopanga mtengo tchalitchi.
Mtsinje
Chitsamba chokwanira ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono chimangofika kutalika kwake 8-10 masentimita (nyengo yokula masiku 60-65). Oyenera kulima panja ndi m'nyumba, komwe masamba amasiya chaka chonse.
Chomeracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokometsera, chimakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, koma kuwonjezera pa maubwino awa chili ndi mavitamini olemera, okhathamira ndi zinthu zofunikira zazing'ono ndi zazikulu.
Kugwiritsa ntchito amadyera kumathandizira pakudya kwam'mimba, kumalimbitsa ntchito yoteteza thupi.
Marquis
Basil wa kucha kwapakatikati koyambirira ndimasamba a masiku 65. Fungo labwino la zitsamba limadzaza ndi fungo la tsabola wa clove, masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira. Kutalika kwa Bush sichipitilira 25 cm... Makulidwe a nthambi amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 20, omwe amalola kulima mbewu mumiphika.
Ndi ukadaulo woyenera waulimi, amatha kuchotsedwa mmera 100-120 gr. chobiriwira... Kuphatikiza pakugwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zosiyanasiyana, Marquis azithandizira zakumwa (tiyi, ma cocktails) ndi kukoma kosalala komanso koyenga.
Kukonzekera nthaka yobzala
Kuti mubzale basil, mufunika miphika, mabokosi amitengo, kapena zotengera za pulasitiki. Chofunikira ndikupezeka pamabowo amadzimadzi pansi pazotengera. Vuto la mphika limasankhidwa mkati 1-2 malitaKuzama kwa chidebe - zoposa 15 cm.
Chimodzi mwazofunikira pakulima greenery chimawerengedwa kuti ndi nthaka yosakanikirana bwino.
Zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthaka yachilengedwe chonse kapena konzekerani gawo lanu. Zosankha izi ndi zabwino kwa basil:
- dothi lachilengedwe chonse + dothi + la peat (1: 1: 1);
- biohumus + gawo la zomera zamkati (1: 4);
- peat, nthaka yachonde, kompositi (1: 2: 0.5).
Nthaka yogwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala kuphika mu uvuni kuthira mankhwala (1 ora kutentha kwa madigiri 100).
Kudzazidwa kwa chidebecho ndi gawo lapansi kuyenera kuchitidwa motere:
- pansi pake pamakhala ndimiyala kapena dothi lokulitsa la 2-3 cm (ngalande);
- dothi lotsatira (3-4 masentimita silifika m'mphepete mwa mphika).
Kufesa mbewu
Mbewu ziyenera kukonzedwa musanadzalemo. Ngakhale gawo ili limawerengedwa kuti ndi losankha, mukamagula zinthu kuchokera kwa opanga osadziwika kapena m'manja, pali mwayi wambiri wakupeza kachilombo ka mphukira zazing'ono ndi matenda a fungus.
Disinfection imagwiritsidwa ntchito njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, momwe muyenera kuthira mbewu kwa maola awiri. Akakonza, njerezo zimatsukidwa ndi madzi oyera ndikuyika cheesecloth kuti iume.
Dzulo loti lifike muyenera kuthirira nthaka mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawakuti musadandaule nazo.
Njira yobzala imaphatikizapo:
- Bzalani mbewu ndi zopalira nthawi ndi nthawi Kutalikirana kwa 2 cm;
- kufumbi ndi dothi losanjikiza 1-2 masentimita;
- kupanga pogona wopangidwa ndi galasi kapena kanema wapulasitiki (wowonekera).
Chidebe cha mbewu zophuka chimayikidwa pamalo otentha... Nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kutsegula kanema kapena galasi la mpweya wabwino. Kuthirira sikofunikira pakadali pano. Komabe, ngati kuuma kwanthaka kukuzindikiridwa, mutha kupopera pogona bedi lokhala ndi madzi ofunda otetezedwa (makamaka osungunuka).
Mphukira yoyamba imawonekera masiku 7-15, kutengera mitundu ndi kutentha. Pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira zambiri, muyenera kuchotsa malo ogona. Ndipo mbande zikatambasula pang'ono, mutha kukhala bwinobwino kuchepa munda, kusiya masentimita 10 pakati pa mphukira. Basil ikakula mpaka masentimita 5-7, muyenera kutsanulira dothi mu chidebecho (2-3 cm).
Chisamaliro cha Basil chimalamulira pakukula
Ndi njira zoyenera zaulimi, chisamaliro choyenera, ndi mbeu yoyenera, masamba obiriwira amatha kudula pafupifupi chaka chonse. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu ndi boma la kutentha, liyenera kufanana Madigiri 20-25... Ngati chizindikirocho ndi chocheperako, ndiye kuti udzu umataya fungo lake.
Kuthirira
Kusakaniza kwa potazi kuyenera kukhala konyowa nthawi zonse, koma muyenera kupewa madzi osasunthika. M'nyengo yotentha, ndikofunikira kuchita njira yothira mafuta tsiku lililonse kupopera mankhwala chitsamba.
Madzi apampopi siabwino kuthirira. Kukhalapo kwa mankhwala, zitsulo ndi klorini momwe zimapangidwira kumakhudza amadyera.
Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, chikaso chimawoneka, masamba nthawi zina amapotana. Sungunulani madzi amvula kapena madzi amvula oyenera ndiyabwino. Kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala mkati Madigiri 18-22... Kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira kumalepheretsa kukula kwa zomera, makamaka mizu.
M'nyengo yozizira, ulimi wothirira uyenera kuchitika pafupipafupi, 2 kawiri pa sabata Zikhala zokwanira. Koma mulimonsemo, nkofunika kulingalira za kuyanika kwa nthaka.
Kuyatsa
Kwa zomera zabwinobwino, basil imafunikira Maola 12 kuwala kwachilengedwe... Pakati pa Marichi mpaka Ogasiti, pali kuwala kokwanira pafupi ndi zenera, ndipo kuyambira nthawi yophukira mpaka Novembala, ndibwino kuyika nyali ya fulorosenti kuti iwunikire kwina pamunda wosakonzekera.
Mtunda pakati pa zomera ndi magetsi ndi 20-30 cm.
Kumasula
Njira zotsegulira nthaka zimachitika Nthawi 1 m'masiku 3-4 kuti mulemere ndi mpweya. M'nyengo yotentha, mpweya ukamauma, m'pofunika kumasula nthaka nthawi zambiri kuti nthaka isapangidwe pamwamba.
Zovala zapamwamba
Yolimbikitsa kukula kwa udzu masamba muyenera Ikani feteleza zovuta kamodzi pamwezi... Nthawi yoyamba yomwe mbewuyo imadyetsedwa panthawi yomwe imakula, isanafike maluwa. Mu malita 5 a madzi, pewani 1 tbsp. l. nitrophosphate.
Njira zobwerezabwereza zimachitika pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wapadziko lonse kutengera humates ndi kompositi. Mukamayesa njira yothetsera, miyezo yomwe wopanga amawunikira imawonedwa.
Mukamasankha malo azotengera za basil, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti chikhalidwecho sichimachita bwino ndikamajambula. Pofuna kuti dzuwa lisatenthe masamba, muyenera kupanga shading (pogwiritsa ntchito tulle).
Kukolola
Kukulitsa nthawi yazomera ndikukulitsa fungo m'masamba, tikulimbikitsidwa mphukira zobala maluwa zimachotsedwa nthawi zonse.
Amayamba kupanga tchire pambuyo pakupanga masamba 4-6 (pafupifupi miyezi 1-1.5 mutabzala). Pakadali pano, tsinani pamwamba pa basil (masamba 2-3 kuchokera pamwamba pa tsinde). Njirayi imalimbikitsa nthambi ndi masamba.
Dulani nsonga ndi zitsamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazophikira kapena zouma kwa moyo wautali wautali. Masamba oswedwa a basil amathanso kuzizidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphikira mbale zosiyanasiyana. Bwerezani kukanikiza pakati pa milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Kukula kobiriwira pawindo kungakhale chinthu chosangalatsa kwenikweni panyumba. Kuphatikiza apo, miphika yokhala ndi tchire la basil imakhala yokongoletsa, imabweretsa chilengedwe komanso chatsopano mkati.