Superphosphate ndi mchere wa feteleza womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito, umapangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa ma phosphates achilengedwe. Mwa macronutrients onse, tomato amakonda phosphorous, chifukwa imapereka mphamvu ku tchire, imawonjezera kukana kwawo pakusintha kwanyengo komanso nyengo yovuta. Pamlingo wa phosphorous panthaka, tomato amakula msanga, zipatso zawo zimakhala zokoma kwambiri. Ndi kusowa kwa macronutrient, zikuwonekeratu kuti tchire likutsalira m'mbuyo pakukula, ndipo, motero, limabala zipatso moyipa.
Zina zambiri
Phosphorus, yomwe imapangidwa, ili ndi mikhalidwe ingapo yofunikira kubzala mbewu:
- Ndi thandizo lake, zomera kuyamba kubala zipatso mofulumira;
- Macronutrient imathandizira kulawa kwamasamba, zipatso ndi zipatso;
- Kukalamba kwazomera kumachedwetsa;
- Imalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu, mizu, tubers, mwachitsanzo, mbatata;
- Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zomera zimafunikira kuti zikhale ndi thanzi.
Kupanga feteleza
Mfundo yaikulu ndi phosphorous. Itha kukhala 20-50%.
Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti phosphorous oxide (P2O5), yomwe ili mu feteleza, sungunuka m'madzi... Mphamvu imeneyi imalola mizu ya zomera kulandira phosphorous ya foliar mofulumira kwambiri.
Mitundu ya superphosphate
Monophosphate
Ufa waimvi, ngati nthaka ndi yonyowa mokwanira, ndiye kuti zimakhala zovuta kuzizindikira. Mwa iye mpaka 20% ya phosphorous oxide.
Mphamvu yake ndi yocheperako poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, koma popeza imakhala yotsika mtengo, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa.
Kukula
Amapangidwa kuchokera ku superphosphate yosavuta, yothira ndikakulungidwa m'magulu ndi zida zapadera. Kukonzekera mu granules ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Lili ndi 30% calcium sulfate ndi 50% phosphorus oxide.
Kawiri
Lili ndi calcium monophosphate, yomwe imasungunuka bwino m'madzi. Koma fetereza wonseyu samasungunuka bwino kwambiri.
Ammoniated
Mwa iye 40—55% potaziyamu sulphate ndi 12% sulfure... Mitunduyi imasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyiyika pansi pa radish, horseradish, mpiru, kabichi, yomwe imafuna sulfure.
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Superphosphate iwiri - dongosolo la ntchito
Ikani kawiri masika isanafike ndi m'dzinja mukakolola... Ndiye kuti, umuna umatenga nthawi kuti phosphorous isakanikane ndi nthaka ndipo mtsogolo imabweretsa zabwino zambiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mbewuzo zikule ndikukula.
Ndikofunika kuti mutagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, mumafunika kuthirira nthaka, ndiye kuti feteleza amasungunuka bwino ndipo pambuyo pake adzayamwa bwino ndi zomerazo. Kuphatikiza kwa superphosphate kawiri ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu kumathandizira kwambiri.
Kuvala kokwanira kwa mbande za phwetekere
Mizu ya mbande zazing'ono za phwetekere Osatengera bwino superphosphate yosavuta, Chifukwa chake amalangizidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito maginito awiri.
Patatha milungu iwiri kutulutsa mbande zazing'ono za phwetekere, mayankho omwe ali ndi phosphorous amatha kuchepetsedwa. Sakanizani 1.5 tbsp. zipuni ziwiri, 2 tbsp. supuni ya potaziyamu sulphate ndi 2 tbsp. supuni ya ammonium nitrate. Thirani zinthu zonsezi mu ndowa ya malita khumi.
Kachiwiri kudyetsedwa ndi yankho ndi kawiri 2 milungu itatha yoyamba kudya... Sungunulani 0,5 tbsp. supuni ya iwiri superphosphate mu 3 malita a madzi oyera.
Sabata imodzi asanafike mbande pansi, amafunika kudyetsa kachitatu. Thirani supuni 1 mu chidebe cha malita khumi cha madzi. supuni ya iwiri superphosphate ndi 3 tbsp. supuni ya potaziyamu sulphate.
Kuvala pamwamba pa tchire la phwetekere patsamba lino
Phosphorus imathandizira kukula kwakukulu kwa mizu zomera. Mbande zimatenga superphosphate osati bwino, chifukwa chake kudyetsa kumachitika ngati mawonekedwe kapena yankho.
Pambuyo pa masabata awiri mutayika mbande pamalo otseguka, pangani feteleza: onjezerani 500 g wa manyowa ku 2 malita a madzi, pitani kwa masiku 2-3. Musanagwiritse ntchito, tsitsani madzi ena 12.5 malita ndikuwonjezera 25 g wowirikiza.
Kudyetsa kotereku kumakhala ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zomera zimafuna. Mutha kuchita izi kawiri pachaka.
Kudyetsa masamba a tomato
Masamba amatenga phosphorous mwangwiro, chifukwa cha izi, ngati muwaza masamba a phwetekere ndi feteleza, zotsatira zake zimakhala zochepa mu masiku 2-3.
- Pakuphika, muyenera kuchepetsa 1 tbsp. bwato la superphosphate kapena supuni theka la supuni ya superphosphate mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
- Ndiye mudzakhala ndi yankho lomwe lili ndi chidwi chachikulu. Siyani kupatsa kwa tsiku limodzi.
- Kenako onjezerani malita 10 amadzi.
- Thirani masamba a phwetekere ndi izi.
Kuchuluka kwa feteleza
Mu 12 kg ya nthaka, pomwe mbewu zimafesedwa, pamafunika kutsanulira 45 g wawiri kapena 90 g wosavuta, 300 g wa ufa wa dolomite, 40 g wa potaziyamu sulphate, 30 g wa carbamide. Kenako gawo lapansi limakhala ndi michere yonse yomwe ikufunika kuti ikule mbande zolimba komanso zathanzi.
M'dzinja, mubalalitsa pansi pa 1 m2 - 30 g kawiri kapena 60 g zosavuta, ndiye kukumba nthaka, ndipo kumapeto kwa nyengo mukhoza kubzala mbande.
Ndi nthaka iti yomwe mungagwiritse ntchito
Zotsatira zabwino zimapezeka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa panthaka yopanda mbali kapena zamchere.
Ndipo mukamagwiritsa ntchito kumayiko okhala ndi zowawa, pali zovuta ndi kapangidwe kake ndi zomera.
Nthawi zambiri, amayesa kupanga feteleza wotsika mtengo, ndiye kuti, amatenga zotsika mtengo osati zopangira zoyera kupanga superphosphate. Zotsatira zake, palibe kusiyana pakagwiritsa ntchito fetereza panthaka yamtundu uliwonse kupatula yama acidic.
Superphosphate imafunika kuwonjezeredwa panthaka zotere, wapamwamba kwambiri, malinga ndi malangizo, chifukwa apo ayi idzasandulika chitsulo ndi aluminium phosphates ndi mizu yazomera sizidzayamwa.
Feteleza superphosphate imathandiza mbewu kupanga zipatso, zimawongolera kukoma kwawo, ndikofunikira pakukula ndi chitukuko cha mizu ndi zakudya za mbewu yonse.