Cholinga chosunga akalulu ndikupeza nyama ndi zikopa. Mutha kuzipeza kuchokera ku nyama yakufa, ndipo kupherako kuyenera kuchitidwa moyenera ndi nyama mosamala kuti asawononge khungu.
Kwa akalulu ambiri, kupha akalulu sichinthu chophweka, chifukwa chake nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kuti muchite mwachangu komanso mopanda magazi, komanso kukuwuzani za kukonza kolondola kwa zikopa kunyumba.
Momwe mungasankhire akalulu oti muphe
Pakuswana akalulu a nyama, nthawi yophera siyofunika kwenikweni. Chachikulu ndichakuti kalulu ali ndi kulemera kokwanira. Akalulu kuyambira miyezi inayi ali oyenera kuphedwa. Ndikusamalira bwino, kulemera kwa nyama pofika msinkhuwu kuyenera kufikira makilogalamu 3-4. Pankhani yopha nyama, ndibwino kusiya nyama zazikulu kwambiri komanso zathanzi kuti ziswane.
Ndibwino kuti akatswiri azikopa azisankha akalulu obadwa nthawi yozizira. Nyama zotere zimakhala ndi ubweya wabwino kwambiri komanso wapamwamba kwambiri. Zikopa za nyama zazing'ono, komanso akalulu obadwa nthawi yotentha, ndizotsika mtengo.
Khungu la kalulu panthawi ya molting siliyenera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito.
Woswitsayo ayenera kudziwa kuti mahed molts ndi awa:
- Zaka - ziwiri mu nyengo kuyambira miyezi 1.5 mpaka 6 kuchokera tsiku lobadwa;
- Nyengo - yoyamba nthawi zambiri imagwera mu Marichi-Epulo, yachiwiri mu Seputembara-Okutobala.
Kudziwa kutha kwa kalulu ndikosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, tsinani pang'ono ndi chovala. Tsitsi lolimba komanso lolimba limagwira mwamphamvu, koma ngati tsitsilo limawomba kuchokera kamphepo kayaziyazi kapena kukhudza pang'ono, ichi ndi chizindikiro chotsimikiza kuti chiweto chimasungunuka.
Nthawi yabwino yophera kalulu waubweya ndi Disembala-Januware. Nthawi imeneyi, akalulu samakhetsa, ndipo ubweya ndiye wandiweyani kwambiri komanso wofunika kwambiri.
Kukonzekera kupha: zaka zakupha
Njira yophera, kusenda khungu ndi kudula kalulu sikuyenera kuchedwa. Kwa akatswiri, zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 5. Chifukwa chake, kukhala ndi chilichonse pafupi kuyendetsa bwino ntchitoyi ndipo sikungakhudze mtundu wa nyama ndi ubweya.
Kukonzekera kuphedwa ndi izi:
- Kalulu wakhala pansi ndipo samadyetsedwa kapena kuthiriridwa kwa maola 10-12. Izi ndizofunikira kutsuka matumbo;
- Kalulu asanaphe kalulu ayenera kutsukidwa ndikuloledwa kuti aume.
Kupha muyenera:
- Ndodo spacer;
- 2 mipeni. Mmodzi ayenera kukhala wakuthwa pakucheka, winayo azinyentchera chifukwa chogwira ntchito ndi khungu;
- Mbale zingapo za enamel (miphika kapena zotengera zina zofananira);
- Beseni la madzi oyera ndi nsanza zingapo zopukutira m'manja;
- Chida chotsika, chomwe chimasankhidwa kapena kupangidwa kutengera njira yosankhidwa;
Ngati mukuyenera kuwonera kapena kupha koyamba, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi botolo la ammonia.
Musanaphe, muyenera kuwonera kanema wophera komanso kupha nyama moyenera. Ngati pali anzawo omwe amasunga akalulu, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti ayambe kuchita zinthu zoyang'aniridwa ndikuwongolera.
Ndodo yopangira spacer imathandizira kwambiri pakhungu ndi kudula nyama. Kawirikawiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena matabwa.
Kutalika kwa bala lathyathyathya kuli pafupifupi masentimita 20, m'mbali mwake mulinso lakuthwa ndipo makamaka lopindika mozungulira mozungulira (pangodya). Kutalika konse kuli pafupifupi masentimita 30. Pakati pa thabwa payenera kukhala mbedza yoti ipachikidwe, komanso poyambira posonyeza pakati pa thabwa.
Momwe mungaphere kalulu: njira zophera
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone momwe tingaphere kalulu. Mwachizolowezi, pali njira zisanu ndi chimodzi zofulumira, zothandiza komanso zopanda magazi zophera kalulu. Kusankha kosavuta kwambiri kwa iwo kumatsimikizika ndi kupezeka kwa zokumana nazo ndi njira zopangidwira:
- Njira yopanda magazi (jamming) ndichikhalidwe mdziko lathu. - ndiye kuti akumenya kalulu pamutu ndi chinthu chosongoka. Ubwino wake ndi kuphweka ndipo palibe chifukwa chogula zida zovuta. Imfa imachitika msanga, masekondi ochepa.
Pofuna kupha anthu, Kalulu akuyenera kukwezedwa ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, kuloledwa kukhazikika ndikumenya kumbuyo kwa mutu ndi ndodo yamatabwa. Chidutswa cha fosholo lalitali masentimita 40-50 ndichabwino pa izi.N'kofunika kuwerengera bwino mphamvu mukamenya. Kuphulika kwamphamvu kumatha kuphwanya chigaza ndikusokoneza mawonekedwe owawa. Choyipa chachikulu ndi chakuti, ndi nkhonya yofooka kwambiri, popeza kuwona kukwawa sikumangokhala kofooka mtima. Izi zikachitika, mkwapulo wina uyenera kukanthidwa.
- Njira yaku France siyigwiritsidwa ntchito pano, koma imapezeka ku Europe.... Kalulu amatengedwa ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, kuyiyika mopingasa kapena kusungidwa mlengalenga. Kuti muphe kalulu, m'pofunika kumuwutsa ndikugwedeza mwamphamvu. Mwa zonse zomwe zikuwoneka ngati zosavuta za njirayi, ili ndi zovuta zake: pamafunika mphamvu yayikulu kugwedeza nyama yolemera makilogalamu 7-9 ndi dzanja limodzi, komanso chidziwitso.
- Mothandizidwa ndi magetsi, kuphedwa kwa akalulu kumachitika m'minda yayikulu. Pachifukwa ichi, mutu wa chinyama umaikidwa pakati pa ma elekitirodi awiri ndikuphedwa ndi magetsi.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi panyumba kuti muphe, makamaka kuchokera pa netiweki. Ma volts 220 ndi ochuluka kwambiri kwa nyama. Ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mosayenera maukonde amagetsi kumawopseza moyo wa wogwira ntchitoyo.
Chenjezo silikugwira ntchito kwa zida zapadera zamagetsi zomwe zimapangidwira izi. Chokhacho chokha ndichakuti zida zotere ndizotsika mtengo kwa aliyense.
- Njira ina ndikuphwanya msana wa khomo lachiberekero. Kuti muchite izi, gwirani kalulu ndi dzanja limodzi ndi miyendo yakumbuyo, ndikudzikakamiza okha, ndi linalo ndikuphimba mutu. Ndikutembenuza kwakuthwa kwa dzanja kumbali, khomo lachiberekero limatuluka ndipo kalulu amwalira.
- Sirinji ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kupopera mpweya mumitsempha ya khutu la nyamayo. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa kuphatikizira mpweya. Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kunyumba. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabungwe azachipatala. Chosavuta ndichakuti imfa siyimachitika nthawi yomweyo, ndipo njira yotulutsira magazi sichitika kwathunthu, zomwe zimawononga katundu wa nyama ndi ubweya.
- Kuwombera singano - ndi chida chapadera chofanana ndi syringe chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Singano la chipangizocho, cholowera muubongo wa nyama, chimathandizira kupha mwachangu komanso mwachifundo. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kuboola ubongo pamzere kuchokera pa diso kupita khutu lina.
Pambuyo pakupha, woweta ayenera kukwaniritsa kukhutitsidwa kwathunthu ndi nyama. Kuti tichite izi, nyamayo imayimitsidwa ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo pa ndodo yapadera. Ndikofunika kuboola miyendo yakumbuyo ndi nsonga zosongoka za ndodo, kufalitsa mpaka patali mulifupi mwa chimango. Malo oponyera ayenera kukhala pansi pa mawondo. Zothandiza ngati mutha kulowa pakati pa fupa ndi tendon.
Kutulutsa magazi, amatumbula mphuno za nyama, kapena mtsempha wa khosi umadulidwa pakamwa ndi mpeni woonda. Nthawi zina kukhetsa magazi kumaperekedwa pochotsa diso. Zitenga mphindi 5-7 kukhetsa ma croc. Pambuyo poonetsetsa kuti magazi adutsira mu chidebe chomwe chidakonzedweratu, mutha kupitiriza khungu ndi kudula nyama.
Momwe mungasungire khungu bwino
Kuti mupange khungu mwachangu komanso kosavuta ndi mpeni wakuthwa, muyenera kudula motere:
- Pamwamba pa bondo limodzi la miyendo yakumbuyo mozungulira;
- Kuchokera m'mphepete mwa utoto wa patellar, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono timapangidwa mkati mwazitsulo, kenako m'mbali mwa groin mpaka pachotupa china;
- Miyendo yakutsogolo (pansi pa mawondo), mchira ndi makutu zimadulidwa;
Mukadula, khungu limasamala mosamala, pang'onopang'ono limasiyanitsidwa ndi nyama. Atafika m'manja, amatulutsidwa, kenako khungu limachotsedwa kumutu, ngakhale gawo ili laubweya silofunika kwenikweni. Kuti mumvetsetse bwino njirayi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito makanema, omwe alipo ambiri pa intaneti, kapena muwone ntchito yaukadaulo.
Kupanga khungu la kalulu kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene
Tsopano tiwone momwe tingapangire khungu la kalulu kunyumba. Pofuna kukonza, muyenera chida chapadera - lamulo. Sizovuta kupanga. Zomwe muyenera kuyika pamodzi zingwe zitatu mwa chilembo "A". Kuphatikiza apo, bala yapakati iyenera kusunthidwa. Ndikosavuta kwambiri kupanga lamulo kuchokera pa bolodi mulifupi mwa masentimita 25-30. Mbali imodzi imachepetsedwa ndikuzungulira. Kuti mukhale kosavuta, muyenera kukhala ndi bolodi yokhala ndi masentimita 80 mpaka 100 kutalika.
Khungu silovuta. Kugwira nawo ntchito kumachitika motere:
- Kuviika kumachitika pofuna kuchotsa dothi ndi ma particles akunja. Kuviika kumachitika mu chidebe chokhala ndi madzi ofunda (zikopa ziyenera kuyandama momasuka) kutentha kwa madigiri 40. Zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa nthawi yayitali zimawonjezera supuni 1 ya madzi osamba ku 1 litre la madzi. Formalin (1 ml pa lita imodzi yamadzi) kapena sulfidine (mapiritsi awiri pa lita imodzi yamadzi) amathanso kuwonjezeredwa kuchotsa tiziromboti.
Ndikofunika kulowetsa zikopa zatsopano kwa maola 3-4.
- Pambuyo pochotsa dothi ndi zinthu zakunja pakhungu, kutsitsa kumachitika, ndiye kuti kuchotsedwa kwa mafuta ndi minofu. Pachifukwa ichi, khungu liyenera kuwongoledwa pa bolodi (wogawana komanso wopanda khola). Mafuta amkati amachotsedwa mosamala ndi mpeni wosalala. Mukameta minofu, choyamba yambani kuyeretsa kuchokera kumutu kwa khungu, pang'onopang'ono kusunthira kumchira. Mphepete mwa khungu limatsukidwa ndikusunthira kumanja ndi kumanzere kuchokera pakati.
- Pambuyo kutsuka, khungu liyenera kuchepetsedwa.... Kuti muchite izi, khungu limatsukidwa ndi dzanja ndi ufa wosamba wamba, kutsukidwa kumachitika. Pachifukwa ichi, khungu silingathe kutuluka. Madzi amaloledwa kukhetsa, kenako khungu (mkati mwa khungu limafufutidwa ndi nsalu youma).
- Kusintha khungu ndi yankho la mchere ndi asidi kumatchedwa pickling. Cholinga chake ndikuchotsa zinthu zomata, kuonjezera mphamvu ndi kuzizira kwa mankhwala. Kujambula kumagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Kutentha - kulowetsa khungu kwa masiku 3-4 mu yankho (1 litre la madzi ofunda, magalamu 200 a oatmeal wolira ndi supuni ya yisiti);
- Kusalowerera ndale - imachitika kwa maola 12-16 mu yankho (kwa 1 litre la madzi ofunda 50-60 ml ya acidic acid komanso supuni 2 za sodium chloride zimawonjezeredwa ku yankho lonse). Pambuyo pakuperewera, zikopazo zimasungidwa masiku awiri pamalo ouma kutentha.
- Kusamba kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito matani apadera... Ntchito yake ndikuwongolera ogula pakhungu, kukulitsa mphamvu zake komanso kusinthasintha. Zomwe zimafunikira kukonza khungu kangapo ndi decoction yotentha ya thundu kapena khungwa la paini. Chiwerengero cha nthawi ndi nthawi ya chithandizo chimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuthekera kwa khungu kuyamwa msuzi.
- Khungu likatha kuyamwa chinyezi, mafuta amachitika, ndiye kuti, mafuta khungu kapena mafuta. Mafuta amafunika kuteteza khungu kuti lisaume.
- Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi gawo lomaliza - kuyanika. Chifukwa chosiya zikopa zitatambasulidwa tsiku limodzi.
Mukamaliza masitepewa, khungu limatha kusungidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ubweya.
Momwe mungadulire kalulu wa nyama
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za kupha kalulu. Kudula nyama kumafuna kudula m'mimba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwanjira imodzi modekha (poganiza kuti nyama yapachikika). Kenako muyenera kuthyola mafupa a inguinal pogwira m'chiuno ndi manja awiri ndikuwatembenuzira kumbuyo.
Akamaliza njirayi, amayamba kuchotsa ziwalo zamkati. Zapangidwa motere:
- Chikhodzodzo ndi ngalande zimasiyanitsidwa;
- Kwa chidutswa cha ubweya chomwe chatsalira atachotsa khungu, matumbo ndi m'mimba amakoka;
- Ndulu imadulidwa limodzi ndi ma ducts;
- Chiwindi chimachotsedwa.
Pambuyo pochotsa matumbo, nyama imachotsedwa pamalo. Gawo losadyeka la miyendo yakumbuyo ndi mutu lidulidwa. Kenako, kalulu amatha kuphikidwa, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, nyama iyenera kuyikidwa mufiriji. Nyama ya kalulu wokonzedwa bwino ndiwofiira-pinki mumtundu wopanda fungo lina lachilendo.
Monga mukuwonera pazomwe zafotokozedwazo, sizovuta kupha kalulu. Komabe, zimafunikira mphamvu zambiri ndikuchita. Ndipo muyenera kusankha nthawi yomweyo njira yomwe mungasankhire.
Pomaliza, kanema wophunzitsira wamfupi wamomwe mungaphere ndikupha kalulu kunyumba kwa oyamba kumene: