Lero, m'mabuku owonetsa maluwa, mutha kupeza upangiri wamomwe mungakulire nkhaka mogwirizana ndi kubzala chimanga kutchire. Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amatsimikizira izi zokolola za nkhaka zidzangowonjezera kuchokera apa, kudzakhala kotheka kusankha nkhaka isanafike chisanu choyamba. Ndipo dera loterolo limakhala ndi chimanga chabwino.
Kodi mungabzale chimanga ndi nkhaka?
Zomera zonse ziwiri pabedi limodzi zimayamba kukula limodzi, ngati kuti zikupikisana wina ndi mnzake pakukula kwake. Pambuyo pa nyerere zoyamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitsogolera nthawi zonse nkhwangwa zam'mapesi ku chimanga.
Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti musayike trellises ndi zida zina zomangira pabedi.
Ubwino waukulu wolima nkhaka motere ndikuwonjezera zokolola mpaka pafupifupi Seputembala. Pogwiritsa ntchito zomera zowongoka, zimayambira ku nkhaka.
Nkhaka chimanga chimakhala ngati backstage mbewu, Kupanga chitetezo chodalirika ku mphepo, dzuwa lamphamvu ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Njira yatsopano yobzala imachepetsa kusinthana kwa mpweya pafupi ndi dziko lapansi, nkhaka zimayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa zofunikira pakuuluka. Izi bwino photosynthesis, mphamvu ntchito pa mapangidwe zipatso.
Mizu ya chimanga imalowa m'nthaka mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka, mizu ya nkhaka ili pafupi kwambiri ndi pamwamba, masentimita makumi atatu. Titha kunena kuti zomerazo zimagwirizana bwino m'mizu yake.
Mpikisano wapa nitrogen nkhokwe ndizotheka, chifukwa chake tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mosalekeza mulch kubzala ndi udzu wodulidwa.
Momwe mungabzalidwe pabedi limodzi?
Zomera zilizonse zimawerengedwa kuti ndi thermophilic, chifukwa chake amaloledwa kuzibzala pamodzi, chakumapeto kwa Meyi. Atakonza ziboozo, nkhaka zitatu ndi maso a chimanga zimayikidwa mulimonse.
Mbeu ya chimanga imanyowa musanadzalemo, chifukwa imatha kuuma kwambiri nthawi yachisanu. Izi zithandizira kumera.
Mphukira zoyamba zikangotuluka, humus imatsanuliridwa m'mabowo, ndipo bedi limadzaza ndiudzu, lomwe limayenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita khumi. Kuyeza kosavuta koteroko sikungolepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole, komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira.
Njira yobwerera
Ndikulima kophatikizana, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonza timipata tating'onoting'ono tating'ono kuti mbeu zisadzaze. Koma nthawi zambiri kubzala kumatsimikiziridwa ndi nyengo ya madera omwe kulimako kumachitika.
Pomwe kulibe mphepo yamphamvu, amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito chomera chimodzi, kusiya pafupifupi masentimita makumi atatu pakati pawo kuti mizu isalukirane. Sizoipa ngati kukula kwa chimanga kumathamanga pang'ono kuposa nkhaka.kotero kuti womalizirayo ali ndi thunthu lamphamvu kwambiri la mbedza.
Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa akutsimikizira kuti sizingakhale bwino kumera mbande za chimanga. Ndi bwino kubzala mbewu m'nthaka. Koma nkhaka, monga kale, zimamera mumiphika ya peat.
Ngati bedi lili pamalo otseguka, ndiye kuti chimanga chizibzalidwa m'mizere inayi. Kusamala kotereku kumachepetsa katundu wa mphepo ndikuti mbeu zisasweke. Poterepa, kuphatikiza kwamodzi m'modzi kumatha kusiyanasiyana pobzala mbewu zitatu za nkhaka pafupi ndi mphukira iliyonse ya chimanga. Gulu lotere liyenera kukhala lalikulu mita yonse ya tsambalo. Pokhapokha, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi chiyembekezo kuti zokolola zake zikhala pafupifupi makilogalamu makumi atatu a masamba.
Njira yofikira ndiyofunikanso chifukwa mfundo zitatu zotsimikizira zimakhazikika.
Ena amayesa kupanga mitengo yayitali kuchokera kuzomera, kubzala chimanga m'mizere mozungulira masentimita makumi asanu. Nkhaka zimabzalidwa pakati, mzere wobzala wonse umasungidwa. Zikwapu zimatumizidwa ku mapesi a chimanga, gawo lalikulu la masambawo lili pakati pa mitengo ikuluikulu, osapanga mthunzi kwa iwo. Zelentsy idzawoneka bwino komanso ikupezeka mosavuta panthawi yokolola. Njira yabwino njirayi ndikubzala mizere molingana ndi 30 30 ndi 30.
Njira ina ndi "2 mpaka 1". Pachifukwa ichi, chimanga chimabzalidwa pabedi laling'ono pakati, m'mphepete mwake - mzere umodzi wa nkhaka. Poterepa, zikwapu zamasamba zimangoyenda pakati pazomera zothandizira.
Malamulo asanu okolola
Amawoneka motere:
- kuthirira madzulo ndikoletsedwa. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi komanso kuchepa kwa kutentha kumatha kuyambitsa matenda a kangaude kapena powdery mildew;
- mpaka nkhaka zipange tsamba lachitatu, ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda kuti zisawononge chitetezo cham'madzi chazomera ndikuletsa kukula. M'tsogolomu, chomeracho chimathiriridwa pang'ono pamizu, kokha m'mawa;
- kuvala pamwamba ndi gawo lofunikira. Pambuyo pa tsamba lachitatu, onjezani mullein pamlingo wa "m'modzi mwa khumi" kapena zitosi za nkhuku (1 mu 20). Gawo lachiwiri limachitika nthawi yamaluwa. Apa ammophos kapena nitrophos amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa magalamu makumi asanu pachidebe chilichonse cha madzi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, kudyetsa masamba kumachitika, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito manganese, boron, zinc ndi mkuwa. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala (1 gramu) kumawonjezeredwa m'malita khumi amadzi;
- chomeracho chimayenera kupangidwa... Nkhaka sizikhala ndi nthambi mwamphamvu, zimapanga nthambi zochepa zochepa. Pachifukwa ichi, pagawo la tsamba lachinayi, ndikofunikira kutsina nsonga. Izi zithandizira tsamba lililonse kupanga mphukira zatsopano, kukulitsa zokolola;
- kumasula nthaka kumachitika mumsewu, kuya kumayenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita khumi. Mukayika tsamba lachitatu, kuzama kwa njirayi kumachepetsa kuti musawononge mizu.
Kuti mukwaniritse bwino motere, ndikofunikira kukonzekera chisamaliro choyenera. Mbewu zimabzalidwa m'nthaka yabwino, kuthirira ndi kumasula kumachitika munthawi yake, namsongole amachotsedwa nthawi zonse.