Wolima dimba aliyense amafuna kukula modabwitsa, wokongola, komanso nthawi yomweyo zipatso zokoma pachiwembu chake. Tomato ndi masamba wamba ndipo amapezeka m'mabanja onse. Chimodzi mwazinthu zachilendo kwambiri ndi phwetekere wa Chokoleti. Chotsatira, tidzayesa kudziwa momwe tingakulire tomato zamtunduwu m'munda wathu, komanso kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane ndi kufotokozera.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a phwetekere ya chokoleti
Chikhalidwe ichi chinayambitsidwa ndi obereketsa m'zaka za zana la 21. Zipatso za mbewu zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yakunja, komanso kukoma kwambiri.
Kufotokozera tchire:
- Kukula kwapakatikati, kufika kutalika 120-150cm.
- Mizu: yolimba ndi nthambi zopingasa.
- Zimayambira ndi zolimba ndipo zimafuna garter kuti azipeza zokolola zambiri.
- Masamba: wobiriwira, wapakati kukula.
- Inflorescences: mtundu wapakatikati.
Zipatso pafupifupi 5 zimapangidwa pagulu limodzi.
Kufotokozera kwa zipatso:
- zipatso zimakhala zozungulira, zosalala pang'ono;
- kulemera kwapakati 200-400 magalamu;
- mtundu wa phwetekere: chokoleti chofiirira;
- zamkati: zamphongo, zowutsa mudyo.
Zipatso sichiyenera kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali komanso pophika, amagwiritsa ntchito masaladi, masukisi, zokhwasula-khwasula zamasamba, ndi kumalongeza.
Mwa mtundu wokula, mtundu uwu wosakanizidwa ndi chikhalidwe chosasunthika. Ndi nyengo yapakatikati ndipo nyengo yoyamba imapsa pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Zokolola zapakati pa nyengo ndi 10-15 kg / m2.
Tomato wamtunduwu akhoza kulimidwa onse m'nyumba zobiriwira komanso m'malo otseguka.
Ubwino ndi zovuta zamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa mitundu yakuda zipatso ndi tomato wina ndi kukoma kwawo. Chokoleti chopatsidwa shuga wambiri ndipo chifukwa cha chiŵerengero chapadera cha index ya shuga-acid ili ndi kukoma kosangalatsa.
Ubwino waukulu wazosiyanasiyana:
- Kulima modzichepetsa.
- Kuchepetsa kulima.
- Tchire la kukula kwake.
- Kukaniza matenda.
- Kukoma kwambiri.
- Mtundu wosangalatsa wa zipatso.
Mitunduyi ilibe zovuta zina; chachikulu ndikutheka kosunga zipatso kwanthawi yayitali.
Kufesa malamulo
Monga tanenera kale, tomato zamtunduwu zimatha kulimidwa m'malo owonjezera kutentha komanso panthaka yotseguka.
Nthawi yobzala
Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa pafupifupi 2 miyezi asanadzalemo mbande... Muyenera kubzala mbewu mu wowonjezera kutentha masiku 10 m'mbuyomu.
Powerengera nthawi yobzala tomato, m'pofunika kusanthula momwe nyengo ilili kuti mbewuyo isachedwe kukula ndikupereka zokolola zochuluka.
Timakonza mbewu ndi nthaka
Chifukwa Chokoleti ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa, mbewu zake sipafunikira kuthira mankhwala, zilowerere kapena kuumitsa.
Choyamba, amafesedwa m'mitsuko yakuya komanso ikuluikulu, yomwe idadzazidwa kale ndi dothi. Zotsirizirazi zitha kugulidwa m'masitolo kapena kukonzekera nokha.
Kukonzekera chisakanizo chadothi:
- sakanizani mofanana peat, humus, ndi turf;
- onjezerani 1 tbsp pachidebe cha zosakanizazo. phulusa la supuni;
- onjezerani supuni 1 ya feteleza wa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.
Chosakanikacho chimayenera kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuti muchite izi, imayesedwa pamatenthedwe 200 mu uvuni kwa mphindi zingapo. Kuphatikiza apo, kuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, dothi limatha kuthiriridwa ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
Momwe mungafesere
Pomwepo patsiku la kufesa, zosakaniza zadothi zimayikidwa mwamphamvu m'mitsuko, ndikupanga ziwonetsero zosaya. Kutalikirana pakati pamiyala kumakhala pafupifupi zala ziwiri. Mbewu zimaponyedwa m'mabowo kenako zimagona.
Kusamalira mmera
Mbande muzotengera ziyenera kusungidwa pamalo oyatsa bwino ndi kutentha kwa mpweya kwa +18 +25 madigiri.
Chinyezi cha chisakanizocho chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa tsiku lililonse ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, zitsitsidwe.
Mphukira zikawoneka nyengo yotentha, zotengera ziyenera kutulutsidwa panja. Patsiku loyamba, tulutsani kwa mphindi 5, kenako tsiku lililonse muziwonjezera nthawi yomwe mbandezo zimakhala mumlengalenga mphindi 5.
Komanso, phwetekere amafunika kudyetsa... Mutha kudyetsa chomeracho kamodzi pamasabata awiri.
Pambuyo masiku khumi, masamba awiri amawonekera pa mphukira. Nthawi imeneyi, ndikofunikira kuwononga sankhani ndipo mubzale mbande kuchokera mu chidebe chachikulu muzimitsuko zazing'ono. Izi zitha kukhala miphika kapena makapu apulasitiki. Mbande zimabzalidwa bwino, pamodzi ndi nthaka.
Kuika
Pambuyo pa masabata angapo, mabulashi a maluwa amawonekera pa mbande, ndipo ndi nthawi yoti mubzale m'malo otseguka. Kuti tipeze zokolola zambiri, mbewu izi ziyenera kubzalidwa kulowa dothi lowala lopanda mbali zamchere za asidi.
Kukonzekera kwa nthaka musanadzalemo mbande:
- Kumasula nthaka mpaka kutalika kwa fosholo.
- Phimbani malo omwe adzafikiridwe ndi kanema wakuda kuti muzitha kutentha mpaka madigiri +15.
- Ikani feteleza pamlingo wokwana makilogalamu atatu pa mita imodzi.
Mbande za tomato pamalo otseguka zimabzalidwa pafupifupi kumapeto kwa Meyi... Nthawi zambiri zimabzalidwa tchire zitatu pa mita imodzi.
Tizomera timabzalidwa m'malo abata, osati amphepo kapena dzuwa.
Kusamalira mosiyanasiyana mutabzala
Mukabzala, phwetekere wa Chokoleti simukufuna kuti musamalire. Chisamaliro chachikulu chimakhala kuthirira, kuthira feteleza, kupalira, garter.
Kuti musonkhanitse zipatso zazikulu, muyenera kuwunika mapangidwe a tchire: mangani munthawi yake, komanso chotsani thumba losunga mazira losafunikira.
Kuthirira
Chikhalidwechi ndichodzichepetsa posamalira, koma chimafunikira kuthirira nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthaka sayenera kuuma... Sabata yoyamba, mbandezo ndizodziwika bwino ndipo nthawi imeneyi mbande siziyenera kuthiriridwa.
Ndikofunika kuthirira chomeracho pakati pa mizere kapena pansi pa mizu... Ndi bwino kuthirira m'mawa kapena madzulo. Madzi a phulusa ndioyenera kutsatira.
Zovala zapamwamba
Chomeracho chimalimbikitsidwa kudyetsedwa katatu pa nyengo... Mutha kuyika mavalidwe apamwamba milungu iwiri iliyonse mpaka zipatso zipse. Manyowa onse omwe ali ndi nitrate otsika ndi oyenera kudyetsa.
Zitsamba zazing'ono zimayenera kukula ndikukula magnesium, ndipo panthawi yamaluwa, tchire limasowa Zamgululi... Ndi kusowa kwa calcium, m'pofunika kuwonjezera kukonzekera komwe kuli chinthu ichi.
Powonjezera feteleza amchere, nthaka iyenera kuganiziridwa mozama. Kudyetsa kumayamba tsiku la 10 mutabzala mbande. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa tomato kachiwiri tsiku la 20.
Kupalira
Mabedi a phwetekere ayenera kupalira namsongole nthawi zonse, ndipo nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa kuti ipeze zokolola zambiri. Namsongole ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwachangu pamene amatenga zakudya ndi chinyezi ndikupanga mthunzi.
Zitsamba za Garter
Tchire la phwetekere liyenera kumangirizidwa kuti lisasweke ndi kulemera kwake. Kuti tchire lizike mizu ya garter, zikhomo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kutalika kwa 1.2-1.5 m. nthawi yomweyo ikamatera.
Zikhomo zimangoyendetsedwa pansi kumpoto chakumera. Indent ya 10 cm imapangidwa kuchokera ku tsinde.
Komanso, m'pofunika kuchita kutsinapochotsa mphukira zosafunikira. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite izi m'mawa.
Matenda ndi kupewa kwawo
Phwetekere zosiyanasiyana Chokoleti imadziwika ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Komabe, palibe chifukwa chopumulira komanso kupewa kupewa matenda, chifukwa chiopsezo chotenga matenda chikadalipobe.
Malangizo oyambira popewa matenda:
- kuwonjezera pa nthaka phulusa kapena chakudya cha mafupa;
- kusinthanitsa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa masamba ndi decoction wa phulusa, yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, sulphate yamkuwa ndi ma fungicides ena wamba.
Komanso mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo toononga tizilombo tiyenera kuthana ndi: nsabwe za m'masamba, nkhupakupa ndi cicadas.
Ndemanga za alimi a masamba za phwetekere ya chokoleti
Ndemanga za tomato zamtunduwu ndizabwino. Aliyense amatamanda kukoma kwapadera kwa zipatso ndi zokolola zambiri.
Valentina, Tatarstan
Adalima tomato kutchire. Zosiyanasiyana modabwitsa. Zipatso yowutsa mudyo, yokoma, yanyama... Anasonkhanitsa mbewu yamba.
Alexander, Omsk
Iye amalima tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha. Ndidapeza mbewu zozizwitsa mwangozi. Munthawi imeneyi, ndidabzala kale mbande zina za phwetekere. Zosonkhanitsidwa kukolola koyambirira kwambiri komanso wolemera mitundu yonse yobzalidwa. Limbikitsani aliyense. Ndidzabzala zosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse.
Tatiana, Gornozavodsk m'dera la Perm
Amalima tomato pamalo otseguka. Tsoka, ndakhumudwitsidwa ndi izi. Zokolola ndi ma 4 kuchokera 5. Koma pankhani ya kukoma, zipatsozo zinali wowawasa, wamadzi komanso wopanda vuto... Gawo la chipatso pafupi ndi phesi linakhalabe lobiriwira. Komabe, ndiyesanso kubzala tomato wa chokoleti chaka chamawa.
Marina, Kiev
Adalima tomato kutchire. Ndinakhutitsidwa. Zipatso zake ndi zowutsa mudyo komanso zotsekemera. Zokwanira kuti mugwiritse ntchito mwatsopano. Komanso adapanga madzi ndi adjika.
Nadezhda, Saint Petersburg
Kukula chokoleti chamizere mu wowonjezera kutentha. Chifukwa cha mvula, zipatso zinali wowawasa, madzi... Kuvunda kwakuda ndi phytophthora sikunazindikiridwe. Mbeu zosonkhanitsidwa chifukwa zomwe zinagulidwa m'sitolo sizinamere bwino. Ndiyesetsa kubzala nyengo yamawa.
Chokoleti cha phwetekere ndi nyengo yapakatikati. Sikuti idasungidwa kuti isungidwe kwanthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, zipatso zobiriwira siziyenera kusiya kuti zipse. Komabe, ngakhale zili choncho, izi sizifunikira chisamaliro ndipo zimakhala ndi kukoma. Kutengera malingaliro onse, mitundu iyi idzakusangalatsani ndi zokolola zambiri.