Mitundu ya phwetekere ya Batianya imasinthidwa kuti ikule m'malo osiyanasiyana, imadziwika ndi kudzichepetsa kwake ndi zokolola zambiri. Kukulitsa mitundu iyi ya phwetekere kudzapatsa chakudyacho zipatso zopatsa thanzi kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala, ngakhale popanda wowonjezera kutentha. Kulongosola kwa mawonekedwe amitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mwatsatanetsatane wamalimi kuchokera m'nkhaniyi kudzakuthandizani kupeza zokolola zambiri osachita khama.
Makhalidwe amtundu wa phwetekere Batyan
Mitunduyo idapangidwa ndi obereketsa a kampani yaku Siberia Garden. Amayang'ana kulima m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza Siberia yotentha pang'ono komanso kutentha kosakhazikika. Oyenera kulima panja pamtengo ndi malo obiriwira.
Ndi mitundu yosalekeza, yomwe imatha kutalika mpaka mamita 2.2 kutchire mpaka 1,7 mita wowonjezera kutentha. Batyanya ndi mitundu yakucha msanga. Zipatso zoyamba zipsa patatha masiku 90 kumera. Fruiting kumatenga mpaka chisanu choyamba. Avereji ya zokolola kuchitsamba chilichonse ndi 5-6 kg.
Zipatso zokhala ndi kulemera kwapakati pa 250-350 g, koboola pakati, mtundu wa rasipiberi. Tomato ndi wokoma, wotsekemera komanso wamchere. Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kukonza mu lecho, timadziti kapena pastes.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Obereketsa akuti: phwetekere siyosankha bwino za nthaka, imafuna chisamaliro chocheperako ndipo ndiyokongola pakuwonjezera zakudya ndi zipatso mu June.
Ubwino wake umatchulidwanso:
- kukana kuwonongeka mochedwa;
- masamba otsika;
- zokolola zochuluka mpaka 17 kg kuchokera 1 m2;
- kuthekera kokufalikira kwina ndi mbewu;
- kukana chilala, kuzizira;
- Kusungidwa bwino ndi mayendedwe a zipatso.
Zoyipa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana zimawululidwa pakuchita kwamaluwa. Uku ndikumera kosavomerezeka kwa mbewu ndikupanga ana ambiri opeza, omwe amafuna kudulira pafupipafupi. Zipatso zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi, kulimbana ndi kuvunda. Masiku ochepa amvula atha kuwononga zokolola.
Mphukira za Batiani nthawi zambiri zimatuluka chifukwa cha kulemera kwa chipatso, chomwe chimafuna kumangiriza dzanja lililonse padera. Ngakhale pali zolakwikazi, mitundu ya Batianya ndiyotchuka ndi wamaluwa. Ali ndi mwayi woposa hybrids wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana, zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso chisamaliro chosavuta.
Kukula mbande
Pakubzala koyamba kwa phwetekere wa Batyan, mbewu zimagulidwa bwino kwa opanga odziwika bwino. Zodzala zoterezi ndizokonzeka kufesa: zouma komanso kupatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zaka zofunika mbande panthawi yobzala pansi ndi masiku 55-60 mutabzala.
Pobzala nyumba zotenthetsera, mbewu zimafesedwa kuyambira pa 15 February mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Marichi, ndi malo otseguka kuyambira Epulo 1 mpaka 15.
Nthaka yosakaniza tomato imakhala ndi zinthu zosakanikirana mofanana:
- nthaka:
- humus;
- peat;
- utuchi wovunda.
Phulusa lamatabwa (400 g), urea (4 g) ndi superphosphate (20 g) zimawonjezeredwa ku ndowa 10 l la gawo lapansi. Dothi losakanikirana limasungidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - lothiriridwa ndi yankho la 0,1% la potaziyamu permanganate ndi louma.
Konzani chidebe cha mbande mu mawonekedwe oyenera kusungitsa. Kutalika kokwanira kwa chidebe ndi 8-10 cm.
Zida zimadzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi ndikuthiriridwa ndi yankho la 0,1% la potaziyamu permanganate. Pamwamba pa nthaka, ma grooves amapangidwa mozama masentimita 1 pamtunda wa masentimita 3. Mbewu zimayikidwa mkati mwake mwa masentimita 1-2 ndikuwaza nthaka.
Pamwamba pa chidebecho pali filimu. Mbewu zimayikidwa pamalo otentha komanso owala. Zinthu zabwino: t + 25 ° С- + 28 ° С, chinyezi cha mpweya 80-90%, kuyatsa kochepa maola 15 patsiku.
Kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofunda nthaka omauma. Pambuyo pa mbande m'masiku 6-7, kanemayo amachotsedwa. Mbande imasambira pambuyo poti masamba owona awiri oyamba atuluka.
Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika patatha masiku 10 mutangotenga, masiku asanu ndi awiri asanafike pobzala pansi.
Ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe okonzeka:
- Pitani (Agricola);
- Agricola Na. 3;
- Nitrophoska;
- Effekton.
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi malangizo.
Masiku 10-15 musanafike, mbande zimakhazikika, zimatulutsidwa m'makonde kapena mumsewu, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi.
Phwetekere kutchire
Pakulima tomato, amasankha malo owala otetezedwa ku mphepo zakumpoto. Bedi lamaluwa limakonzedwa pamalo omwe amathandizidwa ndi manyowa a peat, humus ndi mchere: phosphorous, nayitrogeni, potaziyamu. Mizere ya tomato imayang'ana kumpoto mpaka kumwera.
Kuika
Mbande zimabzalidwa zitatenthetsa nthaka pamtunda wa masentimita 10 mpaka +15 ° C ndikukhazikitsa kutentha kwa mpweya.
Tomato amakonzedwa m'mizere iwiri mu bolodi loyang'ana, ndikusiya mtunda pakati pa mbewu za 0,5 m. M'malo odziwika, mabowo amapangidwa. Kumbali yakumpoto kwa mabowo, zida zimayikidwa - mitengo 2 mita kutalika kuchokera panthaka.
Mizu ya mbande imayikidwa mu dzenje, yokutidwa ndi dothi mpaka masamba a cotyledon, amafinyidwa mwamphamvu ndikuthirira mochuluka. Tsinde limangirizidwa pachithandizocho ndi "kutambasula kwaulere", popeza kumakula nthawi yotentha, mudzafunika mpaka magalasi atatu.
Kuthirira ndi feteleza
Tomato amathiriridwa ndi madzi firiji m'mawa. Sabata yoyamba mutabzala mbande, kuthirira tsiku lililonse, kumwa madzi okwanira 2-3 malita pachomera chilichonse.
Kenako kuthirira pafupipafupi kumachepetsedwa mpaka 1 nthawi pasabata, koma kuchuluka kwamadzi kumawonjezeka mpaka malita 10 pachomera chimodzi. Tchire limathiriridwa pamizu, kupewa chinyezi pamasamba.
Kuthirira kumalumikizidwa ndi kupalira ndi kumasula nthaka. Patatha mwezi umodzi, tomato amapanga mizu yopanda pake, pambuyo pake ndi bwino kusiya kumasula. Nthaka yomwe ili pansi pa tomato imakutidwa ndi mulch: udzu, peat kapena humus.
Pakati pa nyengo, mufunika mavalidwe atatu:
- masiku 10 oyamba mutabzala mbande: ndi madzi amadzimadzi a mullein 1: 10;
- masiku 10 wachiwiri atapanga thumba losunga mazira: superphosphate (30 g), urea (20 g), potaziyamu sulphate (10 g), potaziyamu permanganate (3 g), mkuwa sulphate (2 g) amawonjezeredwa pa 10 l mullein solution (1: 10) ;
- lachitatu mutatha kucha zipatso zoyamba: ndi yankho lofananalo ndi lachiwiri.
Kuvala pamwamba kumachitika pambuyo kuthirira, kuthera 1.5 malita a yankho pachomera.
Mapangidwe tchire
Zomera za phwetekere za Batian zimapanga 1 kapena 2 zimayambira. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani ana onse opeza - nthambi zoyandikira za phwetekere zomwe zikukula kuchokera patsamba la axils. Amachotsedwa kotheratu ndi mpeni wakuthwa, kusiya kokha kuwombera kwakukulu ndi maburashi a fruiting. Kuti apange tsinde lachiwiri, mwana wamwamuna wotsala watsala, yemwe amakula pansi pa burashi woyamba wamaluwa.
Pakati pa nyengo, chotsani masamba onse achikasu komanso amdima. Kuyambira pa Julayi 20 mpaka Ogasiti 5, tsinani kapena kudula kukula kwa masentimita 2-3.
Kupewa matenda
Pakakhala chinyezi chachikulu, chiopsezo chowononga tomato ndikumadwala mochedwa kapena cladosporiosis chimawonjezeka. Njira yoyamba yothandizira tchire imachitika masiku 15 mutabzala pansi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito 1% yankho la madzi a Bordeaux.
Kupopera mbewu kumachitikanso kawiri, koma zipatsozo zisanakhazikike m'magulu anayi. Pambuyo pake, ziphe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito, zipatsozo sizikhala zoyenera kudya masabata atatu.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika ndikulowetsedwa kwa adyo, ma phytoncides omwe amateteza ku spores ya fungal. Kukonzekera kulowetsedwa, adyo wodulidwa mu chopukusira nyama (200 g) imatsanulidwa ndi madzi ofunda (1 l) ndikuphatikizira tsiku limodzi. Kulowetsedwa kosefedwa kumadzichepetsa m'malita 10 amadzi ndipo 40 g ya sopo ochapa amawonjezerapo. Yankho limapopera tchire masiku 7-10 aliwonse.
Pofuna kupewa zina pakati pa zopopera zazikulu, tchire limathandizidwa ndi yankho la 0,1% la potaziyamu permanganate. Kuchotsa masamba amtundu wachikaso pafupipafupi, ukhondo ndi kuuma kwa magudumu amathandiza kupewa matenda.
Makhalidwe onse osiyanasiyana a phwetekere wa Batian amatha kuwonjezeka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ukadaulo waulimi wa mbeu, musadumphe mavalidwe apamwamba ndi njira zodzitetezera. Pambuyo pake, kuchokera ku mbewu zomwe zatengedwa kuchokera pa zipatso patsamba lino, ndi m'badwo uliwonse, zimasinthidwa kuderalo ndipo zomera zolimba zimakula.