Mu mitundu yambiri ya peyala, nthawi zonse mumafuna kusankha okoma, odzipereka kwambiri, osadzichepetsa komanso osavuta kusamalira.
Izi ndizo Mame a August, omwe amakonda kwambiri wamaluwa ndi alimi... Pansipa pali kufotokozera zamitundu, zabwino ndi zoyipa, momwe mungasankhire mmera woyenera, chomera ndi chisamaliro.
Makhalidwe ndi malongosoledwe a mame osiyanasiyana Avgustovskaya
Mame a August - peyala yachilimwe zosiyanasiyana... Amakula m'chigawo cha Central Black Earth (kuyambira 2002). Inapezedwa powoloka mitundu yonse Chikondi ndi Triumph Pakgama.
Mitundu yotsatirayi imaphatikiza zabwino za "makolo": kuchokera ku Tenderness zosiyanasiyana, kukana matenda ndi chisanu, zokolola zambiri ndi kukoma kwabwino kuchokera ku Triumph Pakgama zosiyanasiyana.
Mitunduyo idapangidwa ndi S.P Yakovlev ku All-Russian Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Zipatso Zomera. I. V. Michurin.
Kutalika kwa mtengo kufika mamita atatu. Amakolola chaka chilichonse, kuyambira chaka chachinayi chobzala panthaka. Zokolazo zimakhala mpaka 200 kg / ha pazaka zachonde kwambiri.
Kukolola koyamba kuli pafupifupi 15 kg pamtengo. Zimayendetsa bwino nyengondizomwe zimachitika kumadera komwe kumera.
Kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda... Kutha kwambiri kupanga mphukira ndi masamba.
Makhalidwe akapangidwe kamtengo:
- khungwa loyera, losalala;
- adatsitsa korona wokhala ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono;
- nthambi zowongoka. Malo azipatso pamikanda yayitali komanso yayifupi ndi mikondo;
- wonyezimira wonyezimira, wotambalala komanso wopindika. Ambiri mphodza zazing'ono;
- masamba ozungulira a kukula kwapakatikati, opindika pang'ono mbali;
- oblong ovoid masamba okhala ndi mphako ngati mawonekedwe amtundu wobiriwira wakuda. Mtengo wapakati. M'mbali mwake. Zolemba zazing'ono;
- petioles wa makulidwe apakatikati ndi kutalika;
- Maluwa oyera amakhala ngati saucer, ang'ono. Sepals ndi yayitali, yolunjika kwa peduncle. Ma pistil ndiatali - apamwamba kuposa ma anthers. Inflorescence imodzi ili ndi maluwa 7-10.
Makhalidwe a mwana wosabadwayo:
- zipatsozo ndizapakatikati, zolemera magalamu 100 mpaka 200. Pear woboola pakati, osati nthiti;
- khungu losalala ndi madontho. Mtundu wakukhwima umakhala wobiriwira kapena wachikasu wachikaso ndi "manyazi" pang'ono pagawo laling'ono la chipatso;
- zamkati zoyera ndi zonunkhira bwino ndi kukoma kowawasa wowawasa ndi mawonekedwe osakhwima;
- peduncle ndi yopindika, yayitali ndi yotakata mokwanira;
- nyuzi yaing'ono ndi yozungulira;
- kapu yaying'ono, yotsekedwa;
- saucer ndi yaying'ono, ikukula pang'ono, ili ndi nthiti;
- pachimake ndi chachikulu, chowoneka ngati anyezi;
- mbewu zapakatikati, zotsekedwa;
- gwiritsitsani mtengowo;
- nthawi yakucha - pakati pa Ogasiti - Seputembara;
- nthawi yosungira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndi milungu iwiri;
- peyala pazakudya;
- Wolemba mungu wabwino kwambiri ndi Pamyati Yakovlev zosiyanasiyana.
Mawonekedwe ndi maubwino:
- Zima hardiness ndi chisanu kukana.
- Osasankha za chilala.
- Zokolola zambiri.
- Kukula msanga.
- Ulaliki wabwino.
- Zigawo zochepa zochepa zomwe zimawononga mtengo ndi matenda kapena tizirombo.
- Zipatsozi zimasinthidwa mosavuta kukhala zoteteza, kupanikizana ndi zipatso zouma. Kukoma kwabwino.
zovuta: ndi zokolola zambiri, chipatso chosagwirizana chimachitika.
Ubwino ndi zovuta za mapeyala
Ubwino wa mapeyala August mame ndi akulu. Ndiwothandiza kwa akulu, ana - sayambitsa chifuwa, kusapeza kwa m'mimba ndipo imakhala ndi phindu m'thupi.
Zimalimbikitsa chitetezo chokwanira. Peyala imodzi patsiku - kupewa chimfine.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama ngati mankhwala achikhalidwe ndi chifuwa, kuzizira, kutupa kwa njira ya genitourinary, matenda amwala. Wothandizira wabwino polimbana ndi bowa, dermatitis.
Kuphatikiza apo, peyala ili ndi:
- vitamini C (ascorbic acid) imathandizira kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndikuwonjezera kusunthika kwa mitsempha yamagazi;
- vitamini K - gwero la calcium;
- vitamini B9 wochita nawo nawo hematopoiesis;
- mapadi Ndiwothandiza kugaya chakudya, chifukwa imachepetsa cholesterol ndipo imathandizira matumbo a microflora. Kumenya kudzimbidwa. Bwino chilakolako;
- sulfure amathandiza kulimbitsa tsitsi ndi misomali;
- potaziyamu Imagwira ntchito yoteteza mtima ndikuthandizira kubwezeretsa maselo. Imaletsa mawonekedwe a edema;
- kobaloni amathandiza ntchito ya chithokomiro, impso. Amaonjezera hemoglobin ndikuthandizira kuyamwa kwachitsulo mwachangu.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndi "seti" yayikulu yothandiza peyala amatha kuvulaza... Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakugwiritsa ntchito zipatso za gastritis, colitis ndi zilonda.
Zowopsa ndizosapsa, zipatso zovuta kwa ana komanso anthu azaka zambiri.
Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mmera woyenera?
Kusankha mbeuzo ndiye chinsinsi cha zokolola zambiri. Kusankha mmera woyenera, muyenera kutsatira malamulowa:
- Mtundu wa mame wa Avgustovskaya uzika mizu ndikupereka zokolola m'malo okhaokha okhala ndi nyengo yabwino (madera apakati ndi akumwera okhala ndi nthaka yakuda).
- Gulani mbande muzipinda zapadera kuti musapewe kubera kapena kugula mitundu ina kapena mtengo.
- Ndikofunika kusamala ndi mizu ya mmera - watsopano, osati wouma, wosazizira. Kutalika (kuyambira 30 cm) ndikukula kwambiri kwa mizu, kumapangitsa kuti mbeuzo zipulumuke.
- Ngati mzuwo wadulidwa uyenera kukhala woyera. Kusintha kwa mtundu kumawonetsa kuti mmera ndi wachisanu kapena wouma.
- Pendani muzu mosamala. Kupezeka kwa kutupa kumawonetsa matenda (khansa ya muzu).
- Thunthu limakhala lowongoka, osati lowonongeka.
- Zaka za mmera zimakhala pafupifupi chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri.
Kukonzekera kutsika
Kuwonjezera pa kusankha mmera, ndikofunikira kukonza nthaka bwino mpaka ikamatera - chitsimikizo cha kupulumuka.
Mtundu wa Avgustovskaya Dew ndiwodzichepetsa, koma kuti mupeze zokolola zabwino komanso zokoma, muyenera kusankha malo opanda dzuwa, opanda mphepo. Ndikoyenera kusankha malo okwera, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusalolera kwa madzi osayenda.
Pangani manyowa kwa malo obzala mtsogolo (mtundu, kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumadalira nthaka). Mame a peyala a August amakhala ndi korona wawung'ono, motero mtunda pakati pa mbande ndi 5 m.
Kudzala mbande
Ndikofunika kubzala mbande m'dzinja (koyambirira kwa Okutobala) kapena masika (kumapeto kwa Epulo). Mosasamala nyengo, ukadaulo wobzala ndi wofanana:
- Konzani dzenje. Dzenjelo ndi lokulira mita imodzi ndikutalika kwa mita 0.5. Mizu yake iyenera kukhala momasuka mmenemo.
- Lembani feteleza (humus, saltpeter, potaziyamu).
- Kufalitsa mizu.
- Pogwira mmera, uuike mdzenjemo, uwuphimbe ndi nthaka kuti muzu wa mbalalayo usowa pansi, uwupondereze ndi kuthirira.
Malamulo osamalira mitengo ndi zipatso
Mukasankha mmera woyenera, kukonzekera nthaka ndikudzala mtengo wachinyamata, chisamaliro ndikofunikira.
Kulima nthaka... Sambani ndi kumasula nthaka ngati mukufunikira musanathirire.
Kuthirira... Pafupifupi kasanu (mchilimwe) pamwezi (chidebe chimodzi - mtengo umodzi). Ndikofunika kuthirira pang'onopang'ono kuti madzi onse alowe mu dzenje la peyala ndi "kuthirira" mizu. M'chilala, ndibwino kuthirira m'mawa ndi madzulo, theka la ndowa nthawi imodzi.
Chepetsa kuthirira pofika nthawi yophukira kenako siyani. M'chaka, yambani kuthirira pang'onopang'ono. Vuto lamadzi limasinthidwa mvula ndi nyengo.
Kudulira... Masika onse, chotsani mphukira zowonekera pamlingo wa 0,5 m kuchokera pansi. Kudulira kugwa kumatha kubweretsa kufa kwa mtengowo - kudulidwa sikungakhale ndi nthawi yolimba chisanachitike chisanu choyamba. Izi sizikugwira ntchito kumaofesi owonongeka komanso owuma.
Simuyenera kunyalanyaza kudulira mitengo, chifukwa kukula ndi shuga wazipatso zimadalira izi.
Zovala zapamwamba... Mame a Ogasiti amakonda feteleza - manyowa, omwe ali ndi zinthu zonse zofunika pamtengo. Ndikofunika kubweretsa zosapitilira 2 kg ya manyowa pa 1 m2 ya malo okhala pafupi ndi thunthu.
Kuvala bwino kumachitika bwino masika (Marichi-Epulo), pachaka. M'dzinja, tsamba litagwa, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa nayitrogeni kapena manyowa omwewo.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira... Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mtengowo umathandizidwa ndi matope amiyala. Izi zidzateteza makungwa kuti asatenthedwe ndi tizirombo tomwe timakonda makungwa.
M'nyengo yozizira komanso yachisanu, pangani zowonjezera, zotenthetsera zokutira ndikukulunga thunthu ndi zinthu zosaluka (agrofibre ndiyabwino - imalola mpweya, chinyezi ndipo salola kuti chisanu chithe).
Kukolola imagwera m'mwezi wa Ogasiti-Seputembala, kutengera nyengo. Mtengo wakale, zipatso zimakulanso.
Sungani mapeyala osapitirira milungu iwiri pamalo ozizira komanso pafupifupi miyezi itatu m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba (m'mabokosi amitengo) kapena mufiriji.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Njira zowongolera
Ngakhale kuti mame a Ogasiti ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolimbana ndi tizirombo, Ndikofunika kuteteza nyengo iliyonse yamasika... Pachifukwa ichi, onse othandizira mankhwala (fungicides, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) ndi anthu (infusions azitsamba) ndi oyenera.
Pamene mabala ndi ming'alu yokhala ndi mawanga abulauni imawonekera pamuzu (khansa yakuda) Ndikofunika kuchotsa masamba ndi makungwa omwe akhudzidwa, ndikutenga 2 cm madera athanzi. Chitani ndi mkuwa sulphate.
Kuzindikira mawanga a mealy pamasamba ndi maluwa Ndikofunika kuchotsa madera omwe akhudzidwa ndikuchiza ndi Topaz. Gwiritsani ntchito sulfure wa colloidal mukamwetsa.
Idzachotsa zipatso zowola ndipo ichenjeza mawonekedwe a mankhwala Oxyhom ndi yankho la borod madzi 1%. Njira pambuyo maluwa.
Ndi tizilombo tizirombo tithandizira yankho la Nitrafen, Kinmix, Spark, ndi zina zambiri.
Ndemanga zamaluwa
“Pomaliza chaka chino mtengo wabala zipatso zake zoyamba, mapeyala awiri oyamba. Mame a Ogasiti ndi osiyanasiyana mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi ndemanga, koma ...! Mapeyala awiriwa ndi akulu, okongola, koma kukoma ndi ... kobiriwira! Osakhwima, koma pabwalo sabata limodzi mu Okutobala ndi chisanu. Slavka. "
“Mame a peyala a August si mtengo wosapatsa kanthu. Chifukwa cha zokolola zake zambiri, kukhwima koyambirira komanso kuphatikizika kwa mtengo, imatha kupeza ulemu msanga. Kutsata zofunikira pazosamalira kumabweretsa zokolola zabwino zipatso zokoma. Peyala ndi yopepuka kuposa mtengo wa apulo. Madzi okoma kwambiri. Ndipo pafupifupi aliyense amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ... Filifonka. "
"Ndidakweza A. Rosu kuchokera kumtengowo womwe udalumikizidwa kumtengowo, panali kugula kotere pamsonkhano wakale. Sumach, yopepuka yopyapyala, suckia, robinia, ikukula pafupi - chilichonse chimazizira mpaka muzu, koma mwanjira ina adafika pobereka zipatso ndipo sanayetsere. Filifonka. "
“Nthawi ina ndimangofuna kudzala mame a Ogasiti, adalimidwa nazale yathu. Koma ndidayankhula ndi director wawo, adati adamutaya - osalimba mikhalidwe yathu (kummawa). lubov. "
"Pambuyo pa chisanu, chomwe mwadzidzidzi chinabwerera, mitundu ya peyala idazizira m'mizere yomwe imati imakhala ndi nyengo yozizira kwambiri: August Dew, Gratsia, Zimnyaya, Glazkova, Martian, Tenderness ndi Chizhevskaya. Aleksandr Kuznetsov. "
Ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya peyala Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Avgustovskaya yapeza chidaliro chovomerezeka... Osati zachabechabe, chifukwa zili ndi zabwino zambiri.
Izi ndikulimbana ndi chisanu, tizirombo, chisamaliro chodzichepetsa, kugulitsa komanso kukoma kwabwino.