Simungadabwe ndi aliyense kupezeka kwa nkhuku zankhuku pabwalo la nkhuku tsopano. Amakula chifukwa cha nyama. Mafuta otsika a cholesterol, mavitamini osiyanasiyana ndi ma amino acid zimapangitsa nyama ya ku Turkey kukhala yosavuta kudya. Wamkulu akukhala ndi moyo mpaka makilogalamu 20-30. Komabe, sanatchukebe monga nkhuku kapena atsekwe. Chifukwa chiyani?
Chifukwa chake nchakuti nkhumba zimakhala ndi matenda kuposa mbalame zina, pakufunika kuwapatsa malo akulu oyendamo. Ndipo nkhumbazo zimakhala zazikulu kukula. Ambiri, makamaka amayi apanyumba, amawopa kuwasamalira chifukwa choopa kukwatidwa ndi "zilombo" izi.
Nkhaniyi ikamba za chisamaliro choyenera, kudyetsa, chithandizo cha matenda omwe amatha nkhuku ku Turkey.
Kusunga turkeys pakupanga kwamakampani komanso kunyumba
Popeza nkhuku zazikuluzikulu ndi zazikulu, mbalame zazikulu, zimakhala kwawo zimakhala ndi zofunikira zake. Pakupanga kwa mafakitale nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito njira yamagulu yowaziritsira. Kunyumba - pafupifupi nthawi zonse amakonda kuyenda.
Njira yamagetsi
Zimagwira kokha ku nkhuku zazing'ono. Izi ndizokhudzana ndi kulemera kwawo. Palibe mitu yopitilira iwiri yomwe imasungidwa mu khola limodzi. Amuna amalekanitsidwa ndi akazi. Kukula turkeys mpaka pazipita miyezi 4 zakubadwa... Ndikulimbikitsanso kuti achinyamata azikula m'makola osakwanitsa mwezi umodzi ndi theka.
Ubwino wake:
- imasunga malo chifukwa cha kuthekera kosunga magawo awiri. Ndi njirayi, maselo amayikidwa m'mbali mwa timipata. Kugwiritsa ntchito malowa kuwirikiza;
- posunga malo ziweto mnyumba imodzi ya nkhuku zitha kuchulukitsidwa ndi nthawi 1.7-1.8;
- mbalame ndi yosavuta kutumikira, zokolola za anthu ogwira ntchito zikuwonjezeka.
Pali zovuta zambiri pazomwe zili.... Ichi ndichifukwa chake njirayi sinapezepo ntchito:
- kukula kwakuchepa kumachepa nyama zazing'ono patatha mwezi umodzi;
- kubereka kumachepa mwa amuna ndi akazi;
- pali kufooka kwa minofu ya mwendo chifukwa chochepa. Popeza mbalameyi ndi yolemera, minofu imafunika kulimbitsa thupi kwakanthawi;
- mapiko amathyoka, popeza kukula kwawo ndi kwakukulu, ndipo gawo lazomwe zili ndizochepa;
- Turkeys ndi Nkhumba zimapanikizika kwambiri, ndipo amakhala amantha, atagogoda mwamphamvu amadzuka chipwirikiti, kumenyedwa m'makola ndipo nthawi zambiri, kuthyola zitseko, kugwa pansi, kuvulala mafupa;
- Zosafunika mafuta amasungidwa m'chiwindi.
Kuyenda njira
Ndi njirayi yoberekera, mbalame imamva bwino. Sizosiyana kwenikweni ndi kusunga nkhuku kapena atsekwe. Kuyenda kotseguka ndipo njira ya aviary imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuyenda panja
Iyi ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri. Koma pamafunika kupezeka kwa munthu nthawi zonse. Ndi njirayi, masana, gulu la nkhuku zimatulutsidwa mumsewu kupita kumalo odyetserako ziweto osayenera ulimi. Mbalame yothamangitsidwa pang'onopang'ono imapeza chakudya chokha, chomwe sichingokhala chomera chokha. Ma Turkeys amatenga pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe angapeze: tizilombo, kuphatikizapo zovulaza mbewu zaulimi, mbewa zoyipa, nyama zina zazing'ono. Kutentha kukamabwera (ngati kuyenda kumachitika nthawi yachilimwe), gulu limabisala mumthunzi wamitengo kapena nyumba zosiyidwa. Poyamba kutha msinkhu, amuna amalekanitsidwa ndi akazi ndipo amadyetsa padera. Zambiri mwa zakudya zimakhala ndi udzu ndi tirigu. Mutha kumasula mbalame kuti iyende panja ikafika chaka chimodzi ndi theka.
Ubwino wa njira iyi yosunga:
- chonse kubereka;
- Matenda opatsirana amachepetsa polimbitsa chitetezo;
- kuchepetsa kudya mwa kudya misa yobiriwira;
- Thanzi la nkhuku limakulachifukwa pali zolimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku ndi katundu mwadongosolo minofu;
- kukula kwamphamvu kumawonjezeka nkhuku;
- osafunika palibe ndalama zowonjezera.
Zoyipa:
- ndi njira iyi yoyendera mosadukiza imafuna kupezeka kwa anthu.
Asanatulutse gulu loyenda, malowa ayenera kupimidwa kaye ngati kuli zitsime zosiyidwa, maenje akuya, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Njira ya Aviary
Aviary wa nkhuku amapangidwa mofanana ndi kusunga nkhuku kapena atsekwe. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu - kukula kwa mpanda kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu. Amamangidwa pamlingo wamamita 10 mita pamutu. Ine, kuti mukhale ndi mitu 20, muyenera kutchinga malo 200 mita mita.
Ngati ndi kotheka, magawo awiri ofanana atsekedwa. Amasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti azidyera komanso kuyenda. Ngati palibe malo aulere, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti musiye malo oyenda a 10 m2 pamutu, osachepetsera, gawani magawo awiri kuti musinthane tsambalo. Pachifukwa ichi, mbalameyi imadyetsedwa ndi udzu watsopano. Nthawi yamasana, nthawi yotentha, ma turkeys amayendetsedwa kaya m'nyumba kapena okhala ndi awnings kuti apange mthunzi. Odyetsa ndi omwera amakhalanso pamenepo.
Ndi njira yoyendera yosungira, ndikofunikira kuti kusiyana kwa msinkhu m'gulu lisadutse milungu iwiri.
Ma turkeys ang'ono: momwe mungadyetsere ndikusamalira ana athanzi
Kusamalira nkhuku zam'madzi ndizovuta kuposa kusamalira nkhuku zina. Palibe chifukwa chomangira malo apadera kuti aziwasamalira. Nyumba zankhuku zomwe zatsalira pambuyo pa nkhuku ndi atsekwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mkhalidwe waukulu - chipinda chiyenera kukhala chachikulu. Pamtunda wa masentimita 70-80 kuchokera pansi, timayika timitengo ta matabwa akuluakulu. Pakatalika masentimita 50-60, timapanga zisa zazinyama kumadera akutali mnyumbamo. Ma feeder ndi akumwa akuyikidwa.
Kwa ana choyamba timamanga zisa za Turkey kuchokera ku udzu ndi udzu. Pansi timayika timitengo tating'onoting'ono kuti tipeze kukhazikika kwa nkhata. Ngati pali zisa zingapo, onetsetsani kuti muzitchinga pakati pawo momwe zingathere. Sitilola nkhumba zam'madzi ku zisa. Ngati nkhuku zasiya mazira kuti adye, onetsetsani kuti zimakhala zotentha. Kuti muchite izi, kuphimba pang'ono ndi udzu.
Nkhuku zaku Turkey sizimaswa tsiku limodzi. Chifukwa chake timachotsa anapiye obadwa kumene muchisa china m'bokosi lina. Ngati ndi kotheka, yatsani ndi nyali. Timapanganso microclimate yofunikira powononga chowotcha, popeza kubadwa kwa anapiye kumachitika mchaka, nthawi zambiri nthawi yophukira... Anapiye onse ataswa, abwezeredwa ku Turkey.
Tikuonetsetsa kuti mulibe zojambula mchipindamo, kuti ndizowala, kutentha boma nthawi yachilimwe - osaposa + 25, m'nyengo yozizira - osachepera $ 5. Timagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino komanso mpweya wabwino kuti muchepetse kutentha kwamlengalenga. Kuti tisunge kutentha m'nyengo yozizira, timakhazikika pamawindo ndi zitseko. M'nyengo yozizira kwambiri, timaperekanso chipinda.
Kudyetsa nkhumba zam'madzi, matebulo azakudya, chakudya chatsiku ndi tsiku komanso zakudya zoyenera
Chifukwa cha kulemera kwakukulu (mpaka 20-30 makilogalamu) pamoyo wake nkhumba zimafunikira chakudya chambiri... Choyamba, nkhuku za Turkey zomwe zangobadwa kumene zimafunikira chakudya choyenera.
Kuti mulere ana athanzi, mutha kudyetsa ad libitum, kapena mutha kuwadyetsa malinga ndi zikhalidwe zawo, koma mtundu wodyetsa womwe umakhala woyenera ndiwofunikira kudyetsa chakudya chokwanira.
Miyezo yodyetsa nkhuku za Turkey:
Zaka, masabata | Kudyetsa, gr |
1 | 10 |
2 | 25 |
3 | 40 |
4 | 60 |
5 | 75 |
6 | 90 |
7 | 110 |
8 | 130 |
9 | 155 |
10 | 175 |
11 | 200 |
12 | 220 |
13 | 235 |
14 | 250 |
15 | 260 |
16 | 280 |
17 | 285 |
18 | 290 |
19 | 295 |
20 | 295 |
21 | 300 |
22 | 305 |
23 | 310 |
24 | 310 |
25 | 300 |
akazi akuluakulu | 260 |
amuna akulu | 500 |
Masiku oyambirira
M'nthawi ya maola a kumaswa turkeys Ndikofunika kumwa madzi oyera ndi shuga wowonjezera. Pambuyo maola 8-10 anapiye a tsiku limodzi amadyetsedwa ndi mazira osaphika owiritsa. Onetsetsani kuti palibe mabampu akulu otsalira. Ufa wa chimanga kapena chimanga cha tirigu zitha kuwonjezedwa kuti muchepetse chinyezi mu chakudya. Ndi bwino kuyika chakudya pamphasa kuti chikoka chinyezi chowonjezera. Mpaka sabata imodzi nkhuku za ku Turkey zimadyetsedwanso ndi kanyumba kochepera kotsika mafuta, ndikuwonjezera zitsamba zambiri pazakudya: dandelion, woodlice, milkweed, nthenga zobiriwira za anyezi wobiriwira. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono timapitiliza kudya ndi phala la mapira, tirigu. Onetsetsani kuti chakudyacho sichinyowa kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, nkhuku zaku Turkey zimatha kukhala ndi vuto lakumimba, lomwe ndi lowopsa pamsinkhu wawo. Timapereka balere ndi oatmeal ngati chakudya chodziyimira pawokha. Ali aang'ono kwambiri, chakudya cha nkhumba chimaperekedwa pafupipafupi maola atatu aliwonse. Timapanga padera podyetsa phala, kuti chakudya chowuma chizikhala chimodzi. Tikuonetsetsa kuti mumakhala madzi abwino nthawi zonse mwa omwa.
Kuyambira sabata mpaka mwezi umodzi
Munthawi imeneyi, turkeys amakula kwambiri ndikulemera.... Ali achangu, amathamanga, amadya mofunitsitsa chilichonse chomwe apatsidwa. Timachulukitsa gawo lobiriwira pang'onopang'ono, ndikubweretsa 30% yazakudya zonse. Zamasamba zitha kudulidwa bwino posakaniza chakudya chouma. Amaperekanso masamba obiriwira. Bwino panthawiyi kudyetsa chakudya choyenera. Pa milungu iwiri zakubadwa onjezani choko, fupa la chakudya. Timathira potaziyamu permanganate m'madzi m'njira yoti yankho lake silopinki. Munthawi imeneyi, anapiye amadyetsedwa maola anayi aliwonse. Ndikudya koyenera, pofika mwezi umodzi, nyama zazing'ono zimakhala zolemera mpaka ma kilogalamu awiri.
Timayambitsa chakudya chatsopano pang'onopang'ono. Gawo lawo lisapitirire 15% ya misa yonse.
Kuyambira mwezi umodzi mpaka awiri
Munthawi imeneyi, nyama zazing'ono zimadyetsedwa katatu patsiku. Izi ndichifukwa choti ntchito zawo zimachepa. Kuti musadziunjike mafuta, siyani kuwonjezera chakudya chamagulu pazakudya... Chofunika kwambiri chimayikidwa pazinyalala zambewu ndi tirigu, unyinji wobiriwira, chimanga, chimanga chosweka, zotsalira zowuma za nyama. Perekani phala lonyowa, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya chamapuloteni: iyi ndi nyama yosungunuka kuchokera kuzinyalala zanyama kapena nsomba zotsika mtengo, ndi zina zambiri. Pofika nyengo yotentha, turkeys amafika miyezi iwiri ndikukhala ndi misa yabwino.
Patatha miyezi iwiri asanakaphedwe
Zakudya munthawi imeneyi sizimasiyana ndi zam'mbuyomu. Timaonjezera gawo la zinyalala ndi tirigu mu misa yonse... Timasamutsira mbalameyo m'njira yoyendera. Ikufotokozedwa pamwambapa. Akuluakulu turkeys kubereka amakhala mpaka zaka ziwiri ndi theka, turkeys kwa kuswana anapiye - mpaka zaka zitatu. Ngati cholinga chokula ndikugulitsa nyama, ndibwino kuti muchepetse ziweto mpaka miyezi isanu. Pofika nyengo yophukira, kukula kwachilengedwe kwa zitsamba kumachepa. Pofuna kubwezeretsanso m'pofunika kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa tirigu. Mphamvu zachuma zakukula zimachepa.
Kudyetsa zakudya
Zitsanzo zazakudya zodyetsa anyani akuwonetsedwa patebulo. 1-3.
Gulu 1. Pafupifupi chakudya chodyetsera nkhuku, g pamutu patsiku (njira 1)
Zovuta | Zaka, masiku | ||||||
1-5 | 6-10 | 11-20 | 21-30 | 31-40 | 41-55 | 56-70 | |
tchizi cha koteji | 3 | 10 | 10 | 10 | — | — | — |
mkaka wokhotakhota | 20 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
chimanga chimagundana | 40 | 38 | 20 | 20 | 10 | — | — |
tirigu | 15 | 20 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 35 | 25 |
balere | 12 | 14 | 21 | 21 | 27 | 30 | 35 |
mapira | 10 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
kobiri | — | — | 20 | 20 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
ufa wa nsomba | 12 | 15 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 20 |
nyama ndi fupa ufa | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | — | — |
phala | — | — | — | — | 10 | 30 | 30 |
tirigu | — | — | 10 | 10 | 20 | 15 | 20 |
chimanga chophwanyika | — | — | 10 | 10 | — | — | — |
balere | — | — | — | — | 20 | 15 | 40 |
amadyera | 5 | 30 | 60 | 50 | 70 | 100 | 100 |
shell, choko | 2,5 | 2,5 | 2,5 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4,5 |
mafuta a nsomba | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
mchere | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,3 | 0,5 | 0,7 | 0,8 | 1 |
Gulu 2. Pafupifupi chakudya chodyetsera nkhuku, g pamutu patsiku (kusankha kwachiwiri)
Dyetsani | Zaka, masiku | ||||
1-5 | 6-10 | 11-20 | 21-30 | 31-40 | |
dzira lowiritsa | 2 | 1 | — | — | — |
mkaka wosalala | 5 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 10 |
kanyumba wopanda mafuta | 2 | 5 | 10 | 5 | — |
mbewu zonse wosweka (chimanga) | 5 | 7 | 152 | 208 | 3015 |
tirigu chinangwa | 4 | 5 | 8 | 12 | 15 |
keke | — | — | — | — | 5 |
amadyera | 3 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 30 |
shell, choko | — | 0,5 | 1 | 1,5 | 3 |
okwana | 21 | 38 | 61 | 81 | 108 |
Gulu 3. Pafupifupi chakudya chodyetsera nkhuku, g pamutu patsiku (njira yachitatu)
Zovuta | Zaka, masiku | |||||||||
1-5 | 6-10 | 11-15 | 16-20 | 21-30 | 31-35 | 36-40 | 41-50 | 51-60 | 61-70 | |
njere za mitundu iwiri | 5 | 8 | 20 | 30 | 50 | 60 | 80 | 15 | 145 | 175 |
tirigu chinangwa | 4 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 15 | 25 | 25 |
masamba atsopano | 3 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 30 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 100 | 100 |
bwererani | 5 | 10 | 10 | 15 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
tchizi cha koteji | 2 | 10 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
dzira lowiritsa | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Matenda a turkeys: zizindikiro, chithandizo ndi kupewa matenda
M'kati mwa moyo, nkhuku zam'madzi sizifunikira chipinda, chakudya, komanso chitetezo ku matenda.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu ndi izi:
- Nthomba: matenda opatsirana, omwe amawonetsedwa pakakana kwa mbalameyo kudya ndi kumwa, nkhuku zamphongo zimakhala zosagwira ntchito, nthenga zimaphulika, mapiko amakhala pansi. Amatenga kachilombo kuchokera ku mbalame zina zodwala, ntchentche, udzudzu. Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka akuyenera kuwonongedwa ndikuwotchedwa, ndipo omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino amapatsidwa katemera wa katemera. Monga prophylaxis, turkeys mu sabata lachisanu ndi chimodzi la moyo amatetezedwa ndi mankhwalawa.
- Nyongolotsi: tizirombo tomwe timakhala mkati mwa munthuyo, zomwe zimakhudza ziwalo zam'mimba ndi njira yopumira. Mbalameyi imayamba kuonda. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda: nthaka, nkhuku zina zodwala, chakudya. Njira zolimbirana: kugwiritsa ntchito piperazine sulphate, phenothiazine. Njira zodzitetezera: kukonza nyumbayo mwaukhondo ndi ukhondo.
- Kupuma kwa mycoplasmosis: bacteriological matenda chimakwirira kupuma thirakiti, mucous nembanemba wa diso chotupa. Ma Turke amataya mawonekedwe awo, akudzandira. Anthu amatha kufa popanda chithandizo. Matendawa amapatsira mbalame zathanzi kudzera mwa mbalame zodwala. Zomwe zimachitika zimathandizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa chodyetsa moperewera komanso kukonza mosayenera (hypothermia ya anthu, chinyezi chambiri ndi dothi mchipinda). Njira zolimbana: Chlortetracycline kapena oxytetracycline imawonjezeredwa pachakudya kwa sabata limodzi pamlingo wa magalamu 4 pa 10 kg ya chakudya. Maantibayotiki erythromycin, chloramphenicol ndi streptomycin amapulumutsidwa. Kupewa: chakudya chamagulu, chipinda chimakhala choyera, mpweya wake nthawi zonse.
- TB: matenda owopsa chifukwa chakukula kwa ziweto. Ziwalo zonse zopumira zimakhudzidwa. Mbalameyi samadya, imakhala pamalo amodzi, imazizira. Madzi akuda ndiye gwero la matendakufufuza ndi zofunda zomwe zili ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha bacillus. Tikulimbikitsidwa kuwononga mwachangu mbalame yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka. Njira yabwino kwambiri yomenyera nkhondo - kupezeka kwa dzuwa ndi mpweya wabwino. Nyumbayo yatsala yopanda anthu ndi yotseguka. Ziwetozo zimasamutsidwa kupita kwina.
- Histomoniasis: cecum mu mbalame ndi ziwalo zina zam'mimba zimakhudzidwa. Zizindikiro: turkeys anayamba kunyoza, mofulumira kuonda. Ndikofunika kusiyanitsa mbalame yomwe ili ndi kachilomboka ndi yathanzi. Chipindacho chimatsukidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Furazolidone, osarsol kapena phenothiazine amawonjezeredwa pachakudya. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa - m'chipinda chonyansa ndikusowa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo pambuyo pa anthu am'mbuyomu.
- Chigoba cholimba: chifukwa chake chimakhala pazakudya zopanda malire, zomwe zimangokhala ndi chakudya chotafuna. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera choko, timiyala tamiyala ndi zipolopolo pazakudya kuti njere za mbeu zizikonzedwa bwino. Nkhuku amaphedwa kuti azidya nyama. Sichopatsirana.
- Hypovitaminosis: mu mbalame zodwala, maso amatupa, ziphuphu zimayamba. Thupi lilibe mavitamini... Matenda akachitika, jakisoni amapangidwa ndi mavitamini ambiri.
- Kutsekula m'mimba: Zomwe zimayambitsa izi ndi matenda a ma virus, kukhudzana mwachindunji ndi majeremusi, komanso kudya zakudya zosakwanira. Ngati kutsekula m'mimba kuli kofiirira, ndiye kuti zakudya zina sizoyenera ma turkeys achichepere. Ngati mtundu wa chimbudzi ndi woyera - izi ndi zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana a pullorosis. Njira zolimbana: kumwa ndi chamomile decoction kapena potassium permanganate solution, ngati izi sizikuthandizani, amathandizidwa ndi maantibayotiki.
- Matenda a mapazi: zimachitika chifukwa chosunga mbalame m'malo osungidwa (m'makola, nyumba zazing'ono za nkhuku). Zimadziwikiratu poti turkeys yodwala imagwa pamapazi awo. Chifukwa china cha matendawa ndi kusowa kwa zakudya zokhala ndi calcium mu zakudya. Kupewa: zigoba za dzira, choko, zipolopolo zimawonjezeredwa ku chakudya, nyemba zochepa za soya, mafuta, chimanga chochepa. Matenda a nyamakazi m'matumba amapezeka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mu chakudya.
- Chitopa: matenda. Chifukwa, ziwalo za m'munsi zimachitika. Katemera amachitidwa motsutsana ndi matendawa. Koma sizothandiza nthawi zonse. Kupewa: kuwonjezera mchere ndi mavitamini othandizira, zitsamba zatsopano, kanyumba tchizi (kwa nkhuku zaku Turkey) pachakudyacho.
- Mphuno yothamanga (rhinitis): zimayambitsa zake ndi hypothermia, kusowa kwa mavitamini. Kuchotserako ndi mavitamini A ndi D. Komanso, chifukwa cha rhinitis mu turkeys ikhoza kukhala chipinda choperewera momwe amasungidwira. Kuchiza ndi kupewa: Pali nthawi zina pamene mphuno yothamanga m'matumba othamanga imadutsa mwachangu ngati ayikidwa mchipinda chofunda, chowuma ndikupitiliza kuchiza nkhukuzo ndi kulowetsa kapena kuthira nthanga za katsabola. Muthanso kuwapatsa kulowetsedwa kopangidwa ndi ma violets, kapena masamba ndi zipatso za strawberries. Koma tikulimbikitsidwa kupukuta milomo ndi mphuno ndi nthenga yoviikidwa m'madzi amchere. Kuti mupeze yankho ili, muyenera kumwa madzi ndi supuni imodzi yamchere. Pambuyo pa njirayi, muyenera kupaka mulomo ndi mafuta a boron.
Ulimi waku Turkey monga bizinesi sikukutukuka. Koma pambuyo pa zonse Pamodzi ndi nyama yodyera timapeza dzira, fluff, nthenga... Pogwiritsa ntchito moyenera bizinesi, mitu khumi ndi iwiri yamtunduwu imakhala yokwanira kupatsa banja nyama ndi kugulitsa kuti athe kulipirira zinthu zakuthupi. Kuwonjezeka kwa ziweto kumabweretsa phindu labwino.