Dziwe lochita kupanga lokhalokha lingakhale gwero lokongoletsa komanso zosangalatsa za m'mimba. Mukamayesetsa kwambiri ulimi wa nsomba, mutha kupeza chithandizo chabwino chodzipezera inu ndi okondedwa anu zipatso zatsopano. Ndipo ngati mutayamba kuchita bizinesi pamlingo waukulu, pangani ndalama. Kupatula apo, kuchita chilichonse ndi manja anu mdziko lakwawo sikuli kovuta kwambiri.
Mitundu yoyenera ya nsomba poswana mu dziwe
Mitundu ya nsomba imasankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zimaswana. Zomwe zimatsimikizira ndi kutentha kwa mpweya ndi kapangidwe ka madzi. Mtundu wa dziwe ndi wofunikira - kuyenda kapena kuyimirira. Posankha mitundu, munthu ayenera kulingalira za kukhalapo kwa mitundu, mpikisano wa chakudya. Odzichepetsa kwambiri komanso opindulitsa ndi awa:
- Carp kapena carp - Thermophilic, koma kugonjetsedwa ndi kusinthasintha kutentha. Zakudyazo ndi chakudya chomera komanso chakudya chamagulu. Amayamba kutha msinkhu ali ndi zaka 1-3, kutengera kutentha kozungulira. Mitunduyi imakhala yowonongeka, yojambula, komanso yachikopa.
- White amur - wachibale wamkulu wa carp. Imafikira kulemera kwa 50 kg ndi zina. Kwawo - Kum'mawa kwa Far. Imadya chakudya chambiri, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka malo osungiramo madzi.
- Carp wakuda - yofanana ndi yoyera, koma imadyetsa nkhono. Masikelo ndi akuda. Amayeretsa bwino mayiwe kuchokera kuzirombo za mitundu ina.
- Silver carp - ofanana kwambiri mpaka zaka 3. Kenako mawanga amawonekera pamiyeso ya motley. Fikirani makilogalamu 50. Siliva carp amadyetsa zomera zokha. Motley ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri.
- Njati - ofanana ndi carp, kwawo America. Potengera momwe zinthu zikukulira, ndizofanana ndi carp, koma nyama ndiyofunika kwambiri pakulawa.
- Nsomba zamatchire - omnivorous, lalikulu, thermophilic. Dziko lakwawo America. Imakhala ndi kununkhira bwino kwa nyama ikadyetsedwa bwino.
Zosapindulitsa kwenikweni, koma zotheka kulimidwa mu dziwe lopangidwa ndi anthu, ndi:
Golide ndi siliva carp ndizodzichepetsa, zikukula mwachangu. Zitha kuswana ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba. Zimapeza zolemera mpaka 5 kg. Amamva bwino ngakhale atakhala ndi madzi osavomerezeka.
Ma trout, pike, tench, sturgeon amapangidwanso m'malo osungira.
Ubwino ndi zovuta zakuweta nsomba kunyumba
Ubwino wofunika kulima m'munda wakunyumba ndikumatha kulandira zomwe ungagwiritse ntchito kapena kugulitsa zinthu zomwe zikufunika chaka chonse.
Nyama ya nsomba ili ndi zinthu zambiri zamtengo wapatali ndi mavitamini. Nsomba zatsopano zimakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino.
Ndalama zomwe zimafunikira kuyambitsa ulimi wa nsomba sizambiri kwambiri. Kulimbikira kwa kulima kumachokera maola 3 mpaka 5 patsiku. Zanyengo mukamagwiritsa ntchito malo osungira zimakhudza kukula kwa anthu.
Ndalama zazikuluzikulu zimachitika koyambirira. Muyenera kupanga dziwe kapena kukumba dziwe.
Mtundu ndi kukula kwawo zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kuthekera kwachuma kwa eni ndi dera latsambalo. Kuzama kotsika kwa dziwe lochita kupanga ndi ma 1-1.5 m.Mawuwo amawerengedwa kuchokera kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe akukhala mu dziwe. Nsomba imodzi kutalika kwa 10-15 cm kuyenera kukhala ndi malita osachepera 50 a madzi, i.e. mu kiyubiki mita imodzi zitsanzo zoposa 20 zitha kukhala mwamtendere.
Malo olimbikitsidwa pamadzi ndi 25-50 sq.m. Nthawi zambiri zaka 1.5-2 ndizokwanira kuti nsomba zikulemera.
Mitundu yamadziwe oswana
Mtengo wamadzi mu dziwe laling'ono, kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala kamadalira gwero lakudzazidwa kwa dziwe. Zimathandizanso kudziwa kutentha, kupezeka kwa chakudya komanso kupezeka kwa mpweya wazachilengedwe.
Ndi kudzazidwa kwamtundu wanji komwe kulipo:
- Mtsinje kapena mtsinje. Madzi amalowa mosungira kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe kudzera mumayendedwe operekera. Zowonjezerazo zimachotsedwa ndi njira yolowera munthambi. Okosijeni ndi plankton zomwe zili m'dziwe lodzaza kotere ndizabwino kuswana, chifukwa pafupi kwambiri ndi zachilengedwe.
- Rodnikovoye. Madzi oyera omwe ali ndi mpweya wabwino kwambiri ndiosavuta kwambiri kuswana nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pogwiritsa ntchito chakudya m'dera loyandikana ndi dziwe, maenje a daphnia amakonzedwa - malo ocheperako pobzala plankton. Amalumikizana ndi gulu lalikulu lamadzi. Daphnia amasamukira ku dziwe ndikukhala chakudya cha nsomba.
- Kutali. Pakakhala mitsinje, mitsinje ndi akasupe, gwero la chinyontho ndi mvula ndikusungunula madzi. Madzi otenthedwa bwino ndi abwino pakukula kwa zomera ndi zamoyo.
- Kutseka kwamadzi. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayiwe opanda madzi akunja kunatheka chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera: mapampu, zosefera, ma ultraviolet sterilizers, ndi zina zambiri. Mukamapanga dziwe, muyenera kulipira mosamala kuti madzi asalowe pansi.
Momwe mungapangire dziwe ndi manja anu
Mutasankha kukonza dziwe la nsomba pamalowa, muyenera kudziwa komwe kuli, malo ake ndi njira yomangira. Ngati palibe magwero achilengedwe odzaza, dziwe limamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otsekedwa.
Momwe mungasankhire tsamba loyenera
Malo a dziwe ayenera kukwaniritsa izi:
- osakhala patali ndi misewu yaphokoso,
- kuphimbidwa ndi mitengo, koma osati pansi pake, chifukwa Masamba akugwa amaipitsa madzi,
- musakhale m'malo otsika, chifukwa Pali chiopsezo chodetsa madzi omwe akuthawa,
- muli ndi magetsi azipangizo zokhala ndi zosefera madzi komanso malo opangira mpweya wabwino
Zida zofunikira ndi zida
Chokhazikika kwambiri ndi dziwe lokhala ndi konkire pansi. Chipangizocho chimafunikira ndalama zofunikira pantchito ndi ntchito, zomwe zimalipira ndi chiwongola dzanja pakapita nthawi yayitali.
Kuti mumange dziwe muyenera:
- mwala wosweka,
- mchenga,
- simenti,
- lamba wolimbitsa ndi m'mimba mwake wa 3-4 mm ndi khungu la 30x30 cm,
- formwork kuchokera matabwa,
- madenga amadzimva kapena zinthu zina zoteteza madzi pansi ndi makoma,
- mapaipi olowera ndi kutseguka,
- kumatira zowonjezera zowonjezera pulasitala pansi ndi makoma.
Ukadaulo wopanga posungira mdziko muno
- Chongani kukula kwa dziwe pansi. Pachifukwa ichi, zikhomo ndi chingwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakulima nsomba, mawonekedwe a dziwe alibe kanthu.
- Kukumba dzenje pamanja kapena ndi chofukula. Kutalika kwakukulu ndi 1.5-1.8 m, makoma a 20 °.
- Musanapange concret, konzekerani kumchenga ndi miyala ndikupondaponda pansi.
- Kuyika kumatira kuchokera kuzinthu zadenga kapena kanema ndi zotulutsa zake padziko lapansi.
- Mzere woyamba wa konkire umatsanuliridwa pansi ndi makulidwe a masentimita 10, ma waya olimbikitsira amapindika ndikutsekedwa pansi ponseponse.
- Mzere wachiwiri wa konkire umatsanulidwa.
- Kukhazikitsa formwork kwa dziwe makoma. Akamaliza, ayenera kukhala wakuda masentimita 10-12.
- Makoma a posungira amalimbikitsidwa ndikutsanulira ndi konkriti.
- Malo a konkriti amakhala okutidwa ndi pulasitala wokhala ndi zowonjezera madzi kapena galasi lamadzi. Zomwe zimakonzedwa pamakoma ziyenera kukhala zotetezeka ku moyo wa nsomba.
- Zida zofunikira zimayikidwa: mapampu, zosefera, opangira madzi oksijeni.
Kwa nyengo yozizira ya nsomba, chitsime cha nyengo yozizira chiyenera kuperekedwa. Amakonzedwa kuchokera ku mapaipi a asibesitosi-simenti okhala ndi masentimita 80 kapena mphete za konkriti wamba. M'chitsime chakuya mpaka mulingo wa 2.7 m, okutidwa ndi chishango chamatabwa, nsombazo sizingafunde kapena kufa chifukwa chosowa mpweya.
Ngakhale woyamba akhoza kupanga dziwe ndi manja ake. Ulimi wa nsomba sutenga nthawi yochuluka ngati njira yokhazikitsira, kunenepa ndi kugwira bwino kukhazikika. Ngakhale cholinga choweta nsomba sichipanga ndalama, chimakhala chopindulitsa komanso chosangalatsa.