Dzina lokweza mokweza la mitunduyo mosakayikira lidzakopa chidwi cha alimi odziwa zambiri. Kupatula apo, aliyense amalota zipatso zabwino komanso zokolola zambiri. Phwetekere mapaundi zana amakhala ndi dzina lake, ndipo pansipa tiona mawonekedwe ake ndi malongosoledwe ake, zabwino zake, zovuta zake ndi malamulo omwe akukula.
Makhalidwe ndi malongosoledwe amtundu wa phwetekere ma Hound zana
Mitunduyi idapangidwa ndi obereketsa aku Russia. Mtundu wa phwetekere m'ma oyambirira nthawi yakucha. Nthawi yakukhwima malinga ndi mawonekedwe - Masiku 120-125... Zimasiyana zokolola zambiri.
Phwetekere wamtundu uwu wakula, onse m'nyumba zobiriwira komanso kutchire... Mukakulira wowonjezera kutentha, chitsamba, malinga ndi malongosoledwewo, chimakula mpaka kutalika kwa mita 2. Kutchire kumakula mpaka kutalika kwa mita 1.5.
Masambawo ndi obiriwira mdima, mulibe ambiri pa thunthu. Zipatso ndizofanana ndi peyala, nthiti. Zipatso zolemera kuyambira 160 mpaka 350 gr., utoto wake ndi wofiira kwambiri. Zamkati ndi zokoma, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma, kuli mbewu zochepa. Khungu ndi lolimba koma losakhwima.
Amakula maburashi a zidutswa 5-6.
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Mitundu ya phwetekere Mapaundi zana, monga mbewu ina iliyonse yamasamba, ili ndi maubwino ndi zovuta zake. Ubwino wa mitundu iyi ndi monga:
- zokolola zabwino;
- kukoma kwakukulu;
- osagawanika;
- Zakudya zambiri;
- otsika kalori okhutira;
- Zitha kumera m'nkhokwe komanso panja, mosamala kumadera aliwonse;
- nthawi yobala zipatso nthawi yayitali;
- Sichifuna chisamaliro chapadera;
- ulaliki wabwino kwambiri;
- mayendedwe abwino;
- ntchito ponse pophika;
- wokhoza kupsa;
- kukaniza kwambiri matenda.
Zoyipa zamitunduyi zimaphatikizapo kufunika kothina ndi kumanga tchire.
Kukonzekera ndi kufesa mbewu za mbande
Mbeu zogulidwa m'sitolo sizikusowa kukonzekera kupatula kumera. Mbewu zomwe mwapeza ndi manja anu ziyenera kukonzekera kubzala.
Kukonzekera mbewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu angapo:
- Kusankha... Lembani nyemba mumchere wamchere kwa mphindi 10. Siyani mbewu zokhazo zomwe zamira pansi. Chotsani mbewu zoyandama, chifukwa sizoyenera kubzala;
- Kupha tizilombo... Pofuna kupewa matenda, sungani nyembazo ndi 1% yankho la potaziyamu permanganate;
- Zilowerere... Kuti mumere bwino, zilowerere mu zokulitsa;
- Kuumitsa Chitani bwino kuti musinthe mbeuzo pakusintha kwanyengo. Ikani nyembazo m'thumba la nsalu ndikuyika mufiriji kwa maola 13;
- Kukuwotha ... Mbewuzo zimatenthedwa kwa maola 6 zitatha kuuma pamadigiri +20;
- Kumera... Ikani nyembazo mumsuzi papepala lonyowa. Onetsetsani kuti pepalalo likhalebe lonyowa nthawi zonse mbewu zikamamera.
Musanabzala mbewu, muyenera konzani nthaka... Izi zitha kuchitika motere:
- Sakanizani nthaka kuchokera kumunda mofanana ndi peat ndi kusefa mchenga wamtsinje. Kuti muchepetse acidity ya nthaka, onjezerani phulusa panthaka lokonzedwa;
- Thirani mankhwala ndi mankhwala otentha a manganese amphamvu.
Thirani dothi lokonzedwa mu chidebe ndikulinganiza bwino. Bzalani mbewu m'miyeso yakuya masentimita 0,7 ndi mtunda wa masentimita awiri kuchokera wina ndi mnzake. Fukani mabowo ndi dothi lochepa komanso moisten ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Phimbani chidebecho ndi polyethylene ndikupita nacho kuchipinda chamdima kotentha +25 madigiri.
Pakadutsa masiku asanu, mphukira zoyamba zikawonekera, chotsani polyethylene pachidebecho ndikubweretsa mbandeyo mchipinda chowala. Kuti mupeze mbande zabwino muyenera pangani kuunikira kwina... Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito nyali zamagetsi. Kuthirira kumayenera kukhala koyenera.
Masamba awiri akawoneka mmera, amafunikira pitani m'miphika yosiyana ndi mphamvu ya lita imodzi.
Ndikofunika kuti musamalire mosamala kwambiri kuti musawononge mizu yomwe sinalimbikitsidwebe.
Ndi bwino kumuika mbande, kuzifukula mosamala, ndikumanga ndi dothi kuchokera komwe kudalipo. Ngati mbandezo zili ndi masamba 3-4, muyenera kuchita izi kuumitsa.
Kuti muchite izi, masiku awiri oyambirira ayenera kutsegula zenera kuchipinda kwa maola 3. Muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti palibe zojambula. Kwa masiku atatu otsatira, tengani mbande ku loggia yotseguka kwa tsiku lonse. Masiku awiri musanapite kuzipinda zobiriwira, siyani mbandezo pa loggia usiku wonse.
Kuika mbande pamalo otseguka
Sindikizani mbande muzipinda zobiriwira Masiku 60... Ngati mukufuna kukula panja, ndiye kuti kumuika kumalo okhazikika kumachitidwa Meyi 10-15.
Nthawi zambiri kubzala mbande mzere - 35-45 masentimita... Kutalikirana kwa mizere 65-75cm... Thirani nthaka ndi yankho lotentha la manganese musanabzala mbande. Mukabzala, mbande zimayenera kuthiriridwa ndi chitini chothirira, mutakuta ndi utuchi kapena humus ndipo muyenera kuthira feteleza wovuta. Kutsirira komwe kumayenera kukhala koyenera nthaka ikauma.
Chitsamba chiyenera kupangidwa mu 1 kapena 2 zimayambira... Ndikofunika kumangirira tchire kumakoko akangotuluka pamwamba pachitsamba.
Pakukula, muyenera kuthirira manyowa mullein wofesa... Nthawi yamaluwa, mizu imakumana ndi umuna phulusa kapena feteleza okhala nayitrogeni... Pakadali pano kapangidwe ka zipatso ndi yankho koloko ndi asidi boric kapena feteleza okhala ndi magnesium sulphate.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Ngakhale kuti chomeracho chili ndi chitetezo chokwanira chamatenda, wamaluwa odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa njira zodzitetezera:
- Mukamatera pewani kunenepa;
- Osabzala tomato m'nthaka momwe kaloti, nkhaka, kabichi, anyezi, turnips zidamera kale;
- Osamwetsa madzi chinyezi chambiri;
- Kuthirira pansi pa muzu;
- Kuvala pamwamba ndi feteleza wa potaziyamu-phosphorous.
Tomato amatha kuthandizidwa ndi tizilombo totsatirazi:
- kangaude;
- Chikumbu cha Colorado;
- nsabwe;
- whitehouse wowonjezera kutentha.
Pofuna kuthana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mutha kutsuka masamba a tchire Njira yothetsera sopo... Tizirombo tina titha kuthana ndi kupopera mbewu mbewu ndi mankhwala mwapadera. Mphutsi za tizilombo sonkhanitsani pamanja.
Kukolola
Zipatso zamatope zimakololedwa mu masiku 120-125 kuyambira pomwe idatera. Zipatso zatsopano zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masaladi. Zokometsera zamkati za tomato zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza madzi, ketchup, phala. Zipatso zokha zomwe zimakhwimitsa kumapeto kwa burashi ndi zomwe zimatha kusungidwa kwathunthu.
Malingana ndi ndemanga za wamaluwa omwe amakula mapaundi zana pa tsamba lawo, zokolola zabwino ndi zabwino kwambiri zimatsimikizika. Ndipo chisamaliro chodzichepetsa chimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke kulima ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene.