Anthu adayamba kulima mphesa zaka zoposa zikwi zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo. Zimabwera m'mitundu iwiri - luso komanso malo odyera. Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga timadziti komanso kupanga zakumwa zoledzeretsa - vinyo ndi ma cognac, gulu lachiwiri - mitundu yama tebulo.
Ndi mphesa ziti zomwe zimatchedwa mphesa za tebulo?
Zosiyanitsa za mphesa zotere ndizowoneka bwino komanso kukoma kwambiri. Magulu akulu okoma amadyedwa mwatsopano, osakonzedwa. Amalekerera mayendedwe bwino. Zipatsozo zimakhala ndi mbewu zochepa, khungu lowonda komanso mnofu "wofewa". Mitundu yamphesa yotchuka kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri imaperekedwa pansipa.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yabwino kwambiri
Arcadia
Zotsatira zakuwoloka Moldova ndi Kadinala, kuphatikiza zinthu zabwino za makolo awo. Ogulitsa amayamikira magulu akulu omwe amatha kufika ma kilogalamu awiri, ndipo wamaluwa amayamikira kukana kutentha pang'ono komanso chitetezo chokwanira. Madzi owuma owoneka bwino a zipatsozo amasangalatsidwa ndi kukoma kwake kosakhwima ndi fungo la nutmeg ikakhwima bwino. Mitundu yoyambilira iyi ndi yomwe imatsogoza zokolola, ngati mungayimitse kuchuluka kwa inflorescence, Dyetsani chitsamba nthawi. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumatha kubweretsa zipatso za Arcadia, chifukwa chake, zimamizidwa mosamala, poganizira nyengo.
Zosangalatsa
Mitundu yakucha msanga kwambiri. Zipatsozo ndizokulirapo, ndimakomedwe okoma amtedza ndi khungu lotayirira lokhala ndi zokutira. Mpesa umatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 26 ° C chisanu, chifukwa chake kulima kumadera akumpoto ndikololedwa. Chitetezo chokwanira cha mitundu yosangalatsa chimathandiza kuthana ndi matenda a fungal ndi mildew, koma muyenera kuchiza chitsamba kuchokera ku phylloxera. Zokolazo ndizokwera, zipatso zimatha kusiyidwa kuthengo mpaka miyezi 1.5 zitatha kucha, pomwe kukoma kumakhalabe kwabwino.
Odziwa ntchito zamaluwa amati mphesa iyi ilibe zolakwika.
Kishmish yoyera
Mtundu wakale wamchere wokhala ndi nyengo yakucha. Maguluwo ndi ochepa. Zipatso zopanda mbewa, zing'onozing'ono zowulungika, zowutsa mudyo, zotsekemera kwambiri osati zotupa. Khungu lawo ndi lochepa komanso lowonekera. Chifukwa chofooka kwawo, zipatsozo sizimasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo zimakhala ndi mayendedwe ochepa. Mukatha kukolola, muyenera kuzidya nthawi yomweyo, kapena kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti muumitse zoumba. Zipatso zouma zopangidwa kuchokera ku Kishmish ndimakomedwe okoma komanso athanzi. Mpesa ndi wamphamvu, koma zokolola zake ndizotsika. Avereji ya chisanu. Amafuna chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda. Zimasowa kudulira ndi kugawa mbeu.
Kesha
Kulimbitsa Kusangalala ndi maburashi okongola. Zipatso zoyera ndizokoma, pang'ono pang'ono komanso mbewu zazikulu 2-3... Kesha ndi mtundu wapakati wapakatikati, wamtali kwambiri, wokhala ndi mayendedwe abwino komanso kukana chisanu. Amakula bwino ngati ali ndi nkhuni zosatha. Tithokoza kubzala m'malo owala ndi nthaka yachonde. Kuthirira pang'ono, magulu opatulira, komanso kudyetsa pafupipafupi kumathandiza pakukolola.
Strashensky
Mwamuna wokongola wokhala ndi mabulosi akuda, kucha kwapakatikati. Zipatso zake ndi zowutsa mudyo, mphesa ndizokoma. Magulu osakanikirana, mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amalemera 1 kg. Zimalekerera mayendedwe a nthawi yayitali, nthawi yayitali yozizira. Osati yakucha yunifolomu, motero mbewu zimadulidwa posankha. Katundu pachitsamba adzachepa, zipatso zotsala zidzatola shuga bwino. Mitunduyi imatha kulimbana ndi imvi zowola ndi powdery mildew, koma imatha kulimbana ndi phylloxera, mildew ndi akangaude. Zimasowa kudulira, kutengera dera lomwe likukula.
Laura
Mawonekedwe amphesa amphesa a nthawi yakucha kwambiri. Zamkati za Amber zili ndi shuga wambiri. Kukoma kwake ndi kolemera, kosangalatsa, ndi zolemba za nutmeg. Masango akuluakulu okongola ndi mawonekedwe osiyana siyana, maburashi ena oswa zolemera mpaka 2.4 kg. Kutengeka kwakukulu, kotchuka ndi ogula komanso koyenera olima vinyo a novice. Zimatsutsana ndi mildew ndi imvi zowola, zimapirira kutentha mpaka 20-23 ° C chisanu. Mitundu ya Laura imafunikira kuyendetsa mungu nthawi yamaluwa ndi kudulira kwapakatikati, ndikusunga nkhuni zosatha. Chitsambacho chimadzazidwa bwino, ndikusiya 30% ya mphukira zopanda zipatso. Chomera choterocho chimakhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira kupanga maburashi akuluakulu okongola omwe adzapsa nthawi yake.
Moldova
Mitundu yoyesedwa kwakanthawi, zipatso zofiirira zomwe zimafalikira. Magulu ndi akulu kukula, mnofu wofewa umakhala ndi kukoma kosavuta. Madeti akuchedwa ndi mochedwa kapena pakatikati mochedwa. Kukana kwa chisanu sikukwera kwambiri. Amafuna kutchera tchire mosamala - mpesa wolimba sukonda. Amalimbana bwino ndimatenda a fungal ndi phylloxera, chithandizo chimafunikira motsutsana ndi oidium yokha. Pali chidwi chowonjezeka cha calcareous chlorosis. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga gazebo, maguluwo amasungabe mawonekedwe awo okongoletsa komanso kukoma kosangalatsa kwanthawi yayitali kuthengo. Imalekerera mayendedwe bwino.
Timur
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wakucha. Zipatso zoyera zokhala ndi fungo la nutmeg, amber pang'ono kapena khungu lofiirira pang'ono limapezeka padzuwa. Maburashiwo ndi achikulire kukula, wandiweyani. Cuttings amapereka "mayeso" ang'onoang'ono kale mchaka chachiwiri mutabzala. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa chisanu ndi kukana kwa imvi zowola ndi cinoni. Mphesa za Timur nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa ndi nkhupakupa. Ngati masamba "amatupa" ndipo kufiira kumawoneka, muyenera kusamalira mphesa ndi kukonzekera komwe kuli sulfa. Olima alimi odziwa zambiri amatamanda Timur chifukwa chomasuka komanso kusasitsa msanga. Chisamaliro chimakhala ndi kuthirira, kudyetsa ndi kudulira nthawi zonse.
Zala zazimayi
Mitundu yakale yapakatikati yomwe, ngakhale pamavuto mu chisamaliro chake, imapitilizabe kukula ndi alimi ambiri. Kulemera kwa dzanja limodzi ndi pafupifupi theka la kilogalamu. Zipatso za zala za a Ladies ndizazitali, ndi kakomedwe kofananira kofananira ndi fungo lakumwa pakamwa. Osagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha pang'ono, amatha kufa kale pa 10 ° C chisanu, chifukwa chake amafunika pogona m'nyengo yozizira. Ntchito imasintha, kutengera nyengo. Mpesa umazindikira matenda ndi tizilombo toononga; chithandizo chokhazikika ndi kukonzekera koyenera ndikofunikira. Akulimbikitsidwa alimi odziwa ntchito zamaluwa.
Gourmets amaganiza kuti mitundu iyi ndiyomwe imakonda kukoma kwa mphesa.
Mascot
Mphesa zoyambirira zapakati zimakhala zoyera. Mbande zolimba ndizabwino kwambiri kukana kutulo ndi imvi zowola, zosagwirizana ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira. Magulu okhwima amalemera pang'ono kuposa kilogalamu pafupifupi. Zipatsozo ndizokulirapo, ndi fungo la nutmeg. Maburashi okhwima kale akhoza kupachikidwa kuthengo kwa nthawi yayitali osataya chidwi chawo ndikusunga mawonekedwe awo ogulitsa. Zosunthika zosiyanasiyana zomwe sizikusowa pogona m'nyengo yozizira. Kukolola kotheka kumatha kupezeka ndi ukadaulo woyenera waulimi ndi kuyiyala mungu patsogolo maluwa.
Mphesa ndi mphatso yabwino kwambiri m'chilengedwe, mwana wa dzuwa lofewa komanso nthaka yachonde. Palibe mitundu yabwino, koma nthawi zonse mumatha kupeza mitundu yomwe ikugwirizana ndi zomwe zikukula komanso zomwe amakonda wolima.