Mphesa ya monarch ndi mitundu yapadera yomwe nthawi zonse imakondwera ndi kukoma kwake kokoma. Mitundu ya mphesa imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pakupanga win, chifukwa cha fungo lake lapamwamba. Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a mpesa ndi zipatso zimaperekedwa pansipa.
Kufotokozera zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa
Amfumuwa adapezeka podutsa mphesa za Kadinala ndi Chithumwa ndi woweta masiku ano wotchuka E.G. Pavlovsky, yemwe amakhala m'dera la Krasnodar. Mukamabereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mungu wosakanikirana. Zisoni za mitundu ya makolo zidathandizidwa ndi mungu.
Njira yayikulu yopangira zipatso:
- Zotuluka kwambiri. Pafupifupi 8 kg adapezeka pachitsamba chimodzi.
- Amatanthauza mitundu yoyambirira yapakatikati, Nthawi yakucha 124 - 136 masiku... Mwezi umadalira dera, makamaka kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka Seputembara.
- Monarch zosiyanasiyana osaphatikizidwa mu State Register kuswana bwino. Palibe chidziwitso chovomerezeka chokhudza kulima mdera lino kapena dera lomwelo. Pali zolemba kuti mphesa zimakula nyengo yozizira komanso yotentha ku Russia.
- Imabala zipatso kwa pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, ikukula pamalo amodzi pafupifupi zaka 9 mpaka 24.
- Shuga wokhutira zipatso - 15 - 18 g / 100 ml; acidity - 4 - 5 g / l.
Makhalidwe a zipatso
- Chowulungika mawonekedwe, ovoid
- Kukula kwa zipatso yayikulu, pafupifupi 35 ndi 28 mm
- Kulemera zipatso pafupifupi 22g, zimafika 35g
- Zojambula wobiriwira wobiriwira, wokhutira. Zipatso zakupsa zimasintha mtundu kukhala wachikasu wowala komanso mawanga ofiira pang'ono mbali
- Mbewu mu zipatso 1 - 3 zidutswa
- Zipatso sizipereka kutentha kumasintha, usavunde
- Lawani lokoma lokoma
- Masamba osakanikirana, crunches bwino
- Zokongoletsa maonekedwe
Ubwino ndi zovuta
Makhalidwe abwino a mphesa za Monarch ndi awa:
- Zabwino chisanu kukana, imayimilira kutentha mpaka - 23 ° С
- Zabwino kwambiri kuchuluka kwa mbande ndi cuttings pamene kuswana mitundu
- Ali ndi zokongola fungo ndi kulawa
- Mofulumira
- Zawonongeka pang'ono paulendo
- Pamwamba Zotuluka
- Pamwamba kukana kuti mildew ndi imvi zowola
- Kukula kwakukulu alumali moyo
- Makhalidwe akulawa sizidalira chinyezi, kutentha
- Mitundu yodzipangira yokha, zomwe zimamupatsa mwayi wobala zipatso m'malo osungira
- Kumanga mwachangu msipu
- Sanapangidwe nandolo
Makhalidwe oyipa osiyanasiyana:
- Alibe chitetezo cha matenda a phytopathological - powdery mildew, powdery mildew
- Ngati kudulira nthawi ya maluwa thumba losunga mazira limatayika mwamphamvu, Ndikofunikanso kusabzala mbewu m'dera lomwe mphepo imatha
- Pogona m'nyengo yozizira kumadera omwe kutentha kumatsikira pansi pochotsera 20 ° С
Kudzala chomera
Mphesa ziyenera kubzalidwa ndi mbande za pachaka, amathanso kulimidwa kuchokera ku mbewu. Koma iyi ndi njira yayitali ndipo siyopambana nthawi zonse.
Kusankha mipando
Ngati nightshades, horseradish, chimanga, sorelo, parsley, clematis, calendula, ndi zina zambiri (zogwirizana ndi mbewu wina ndi mnzake) zikukula kale pamalopo, ndiye kuti simuyenera kubzala mphesa pafupi.
Chikhalidwe ichi chimakonda dzuwa ndipo sichimalola kuzemba. Chifukwa chake, mbali yakumwera kapena kumadzulo kwa tsambalo ndiyabwino. Muyenera kusankha malo otetezedwa ku mphepo.
Nthawi yobzala ndiyabwino nthawi yophukira (Okutobala) komanso masika (Epulo, Meyi).
Nthaka yolimbikitsidwa ndi kubzala
Nthaka yachikhalidwe iyenera kukhala yachonde, nthaka yakuda ndiyabwino. Mu mphesa, mizu imayamba mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka, izi zikutanthauza kuti madzi apansi ayenera kukhala pansi pazomwezi. Nthaka yokhala ndi mpweya wochepa bwino siyabwino kulima mphesa, mwachitsanzo, dothi kapena madzi.
Musanadzalemo, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mmera kuti muonongeke, matenda ndi kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo. Ngati alipo, muyenera kuwachotsa.
Kudzala chomera:
- Pofika pansi iyenera kukhala 70 ndi 70 cm kwa mmera wapachaka, kuya kwake kuli chimodzimodzi kutalika kwa mizu.
- M'mbuyomu, mutha kuthirira dzenjekuti nthaka ikhazikike, ndiye siyani kwa 2 - 3 maola
- Mtsinje wa madzi umatsanulidwa mu dzenje, Mphesa zimakonda dothi lamiyala pomwe chinyezi ndi mpweya zimadutsa bwino
- Ndiye ngalandeyi ili ndi nthaka (ndimanyowa ogwiritsidwa ntchito) ndikubzala mbewu pamwamba, ndikufalitsa mizu m'mphepete mwa phiri
- Amakumba dzenje pokonza nthaka ndikupanga dzenje, kuti mudzipezere chinyezi.
- Mulch, analimbikitsa ndi zotsalira za namsongole
- Kuthirira
Njira zofikira
Pali njira zingapo zopangira mphesa. Paminda yanyumba, mphesa nthawi zambiri zimaloledwa kupindika pakhoma la gazebo, kapena mothandizidwa nayo zimapanga malo amdima pokhazikitsa mitengo yopingasa.
Pali njira ziwiri zotchuka zokhazikitsira chikhalidwe:
- Shpalerny njira
- Munda njira
Mothandizidwa ndi trellises, mutha kusintha kutalika ndi mulifupi kwa mundawo wamphesa woyenera ziwembu zapadera.
Njira yam'munda imalankhula yokha, palinso trellises. Koma minda yamphesa ili mzere wotalikirapo, wokhala m'minda yayikulu. Kutalika sikudutsa mita 1.5.
Zomera zikhale zoposa mita imodzi pobzala.
Chisamaliro
Kusamalira chomera:
- Kutsirira kumachitika kutengera nyengo. Ndikofunika kuwunika momwe dothi ndi chomera chilili, komanso kupanga ndandanda yothirira, momwe mvula imagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza kanayi pa nyengo. Nayitrogeni, phosphorous, potaziyamu kumapeto; kenako bwerezani kumayambiriro kwa zaka; potaziyamu, phosphorous kumapeto kwa chilimwe; bwerezani kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira.
- Umuna wathanzi pansi pa mulching wosanjikiza, kawiri mchaka, kawiri mchilimwe.
- Mitundu itatu yobzala: ukhondo, kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko - formative ndi rejuvenating wakale munda wamphesa.
Njira zoberekera
Kubereka kumachitika m'njira yophukira komanso yobereka. Kubereka kwambiri ndikubzala mbewu. Kufalikira kwa masamba pogwiritsa ntchito zodulira ndi kuyala.
Komanso, popanga chomera cholimba komanso cholimba, kulumikizidwa kwa mitundu ina kumagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mphesa zokoma kwambiri sizingakule bwino m'malo ouma. Kuti ibereke zipatso zabwino, iyenera kulumikizidwa kumtengo wamphesa wamtchire wokhala ndi kavalo wamphamvu kwambiri.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Matenda owopsa kwambiri kwa mphesa ndi powdery mildew. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, pali njira zamagetsi, zamoyo komanso zowerengera zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono.
Tizilombo ta mphesa: Turkey skosar, biennial mphesa leafworm, mphesa variegated, mphesa mealyworm, munda kangaude mite. Kuteteza tizilombo kumatsata mfundo za agrotechnical, ngati kuli kofunikira, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti Mphesa za monarch ndizosavuta kukula ndikukhala ndi mikhalidwe yambiri yabwino... Zimakhala zovuta kugwira ntchito ndi mitunduyi chifukwa siyidulidwe, chifukwa chake kuvuta posankha dera loyenera.