Mphesa zamakadinali zimapezeka pafupifupi pafupifupi nyumba zonse ku Russia. Olima mundawo amalemekeza chomerachi chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake kwakulawa kwachilendo, kucha msanga komanso kukana kwabwino. Mphesa ndizotchuka chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo komanso milingo yazokolola.
Kufotokozera kwa kadinali wamphesa
Ponena za kufotokozera, chikhalidwe chimakhwima mwachangu... Nyengo yokula imatha masiku zana limodzi ndi khumi mpaka zana limodzi ndi makumi awiri, mutha kuyamba kukolola theka lachiwiri la Ogasiti. Komabe, ziyenera kudziwika kuti chaka ndi chaka zokolola za mphesa sizokhazikika.
Chitsamba chimodzi chimatha kupanga mipesa yosachepera makumi asanu ndi awiri. Mphukira iliyonse imamera limodzi kapena awiri. Pansi pa nyengo yabwino, tchire limaphatikiza mpaka mita zitatu kutalika. Kutulutsa mphukira ndibwino, pafupifupi kutalika konse.
Kuchuluka kwake kwa masamba obiriwira obiriwira kumakhala pafupifupi. Tsamba lililonse lili ndi ma lobes asanu. Maluwawo ali ndi ma pistil ndi stamens, kotero amatha kunyamula mungu mwawokha.
Masango amphesa ndi ochulukirapo, otalika masentimita makumi atatu ndi makumi awiri m'litali ndi mulifupi, motsatana. Koma nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwawo sikokulirapo, chifukwa zipatso zimayikidwa momasuka. Pafupifupi, burashi limodzi limalemera magalamu anayi mpaka mazana asanu.
Makhalidwe a zipatso
Amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ake oval, olemera magalamu asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Mabulosi aliwonse amanyamula mbewu zitatu kapena zisanu zozungulira. Zipatso zimakhala zofiirira mu utoto; pachimake pachikopa chautsi chimawoneka pakhungu. Mnofu wake ndi wobiliwira wobiriwira, wowutsa mudyo, wouma akamatafuna. Khungu ndilolimba kwambiri.
Mukadyedwa, mphesa zimapanga kumverera kwatsopano komanso kupepuka ndi fungo lawo la nutmeg.
The acidity ndi magalamu asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu pa lita, shuga amafikira magawo khumi ndi asanu ndi atatu.
Ubwino ndi zovuta zamitundu yosiyanasiyana
Mukamasankha mphesa zamtunduwu kuti zikule patsamba lawo, wamaluwa choyamba amasamala za zabwino zake:
- Mbewuyo imasiyanitsidwa ndi kuthekera kwake kupitilira miyezi itatu;
- kukoma kwa zipatsozo ndibwino kwambiri;
- Mphesa zimayendetsedwa bwino pamtunda wautali, sizitaya chidwi chawo, sizimawonongeka;
- zoteteza zapamwamba zimapezeka kuchokera ku zipatso;
- chikhalidwe sichisowa chisamaliro chapadera.
Koma ndi maubwino otere, palinso zoyipa. Ngati mumadziwa za iwo pasadakhale, ndiye kuti mphesa sizingabweretse zovuta pakulima:
- chomera ali ndi mulingo wokana kukana powdery mildew, kansa ndi kansa ya bakiteriya. Nthawi zambiri, zipatsozi zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi imvi. Mmodzi mwa adani a mpesa ndi mpukutu wa mphesa;
- zokolola zamtsogolo zimadalira kwathunthu nyengo. Nyengo yovuta, ma inflorescence ndi ovary amatha, zipatsozo ndizocheperako, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti gulu liwoneke;
- chomera salola nyengo yachisanu, imatha kukhudzidwa ndi chisanu cham'masika, popeza maluwa amayamba molawirira;
- nthawi zambiri zimachitika kukhwima kopanda zipatso.
Kufika
Monga mbewu zina za mphesa, "Kadinala" amakonda malo otentha komanso otentha. Iyenera kubzalidwa masika, posankha njira zakumwera izi, zomwe zimalumikizidwa ndi kulolerana pang'ono kwa nyengo yozizira. Chomera chaching'ono chobzalidwa nthawi yophukira chitha kuwonongeka mosavuta ndi nyengo yozizira.
Pa nthawi yobzala, nthaka iyenera kutentha mpaka madigiri khumi Celsius. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti dothi loamy ndi loyeretsa likhala pamalopo. Malo a Chernozem apereka mwayi wopeza zokolola zabwino kwambiri.
Mu masabata awiri, malowo amakumbidwa, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kompositi kapena manyowa.
Kuti achulukitse zokolola, wamaluwa ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito feteleza wa biogrow, yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka kawiri kapena katatu pachaka.
Dzenje lokonzekera likukonzedwa, lomwe kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala 80 ndi 80 ndi 80 sentimita. Zinthu zakuthupi zimayikidwa pansi pake, ndikuwaza nthaka. Mmera umayikidwa, wothiridwa ndi nthaka, wothirira. Njira yokwerera imatengedwa 2.5 ndi 3 mita.
Kusamalira mipesa yaying'ono komanso yokhwima
Chomera cha mphesa chimakhala chosasunthika, chimafuna chisamaliro chosamalitsa.... Pokhapokha ngati mungapeze zokolola zabwino. Tchire liyenera kuthiriridwa pang'ono asanayambe maluwa komanso zipatsozo zitapanga. Mpaka malita khumi amadzi amathiridwa pansi pa mbeu iliyonse.
Kutsirira mopitilira muyeso kumaphatikizira kulimbana kwa zipatso, kumachepetsa kukaniza kwa mbeu ku matenda a fungal.
Kusunga chinyezi m'nthaka kwa nthawi yayitali, kugwiritsira ntchito mulching pogwiritsa ntchito humus, udzu wodulidwa, utuchi wa izi.
Ndikofunika kudyetsa mbewuyo ndi feteleza amchere, kuchita njira zitatu kapena zinayi pa nyengo: masambawo asanasungunuke, maluwa asanayambe, inflorescence itagwa komanso kumapeto kwa zokolola.
Pofuna kupewa, zomera zimathandizidwa ndi mankhwala a fungicidal. Mankhwalawa amawonjezeredwa m'madzi, masamba obiriwira amapopera.
M'nyengo yozizira, mipesa imasowa pogona.
Njira zoberekera
Izi zikhoza kuchitika podzala mbande ndi kumtengowo cuttings. Chojambula chabwino cholozetsanitsako chiyenera kukhala ndi maso angapo. Gawo lakumunsi limadulidwa kuti likhale mphero. Mbali yodulidwayo imasungidwa m'madzi kwa maola angapo kuti mizu ikule bwino. Yankho lolondola lingakhale kugwiritsa ntchito zolimbikitsa kukula monga "Humat".
Vinyo wochokera kwa kadinala
Mitunduyo imalimidwa mwakhama ndi Italiya, French, Greek, Yugoslavs. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lalikulu pakupanga vinyo ndi ma liqueurs m'maiko ambiri padziko lapansi.
Matenda ndi tizilombo toononga
Njira zodzitetezera ku mphesa ndizovomerezeka; wamaluwa samalimbikitsidwa kudikirira zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda.
Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides musanatuluke tchire komanso nthawi imeneyi. Ngati matenda apezeka, mbewuzo ziyenera kukonzedwa kachiwiri. Kukonzekera kuyenera kusankhidwa konsekonse, osavulaza mbewu.
Mbewuyi imatetezedwa ku mavu m'njira ziwiri - kukulunga magulu ndi gauze kapena kukonza nyambo ndi ziphe.
"Kadinala" amadziwika kuti ndi mphesa zokoma, aliyense wokhala mchilimwe amatha kumalima patsamba lake. Koma kuti mupeze zokolola zambiri, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphunzire malamulo azisamaliro ndikuwatsatira mosamalitsa.